Bókastaðir

An Old Norse Library

togi – tœnaðr

togi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a leader; in her-togi, leið-togi; [cp. A. S. heretoga; Germ. her-zog.]

II. [tog], carded wool, wool drawn into a hank, from which the thread is spun; esp. in the metaph. phrase, það er af þeim toga spunnið, ‘tis spun from that tow, of causes or motives.

toginn
Zoëga

pp. drawn (enn logni hjörr).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part., see tjúga.

togin-leitr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. long-faced.

togna
Zoëga

(að), v. to be stretched; dagr tekr at t., the day begins to lengthen.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to be stretched; dagr tognar, the day lengthens, Sks. 67; var þá hvönnin nær öll upp tognuð, pulled up, Fbr. 88; það hefir tognað sin, been stretched, strained; það tognar úr því, it unwinds itself.

tog-drápa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a drápa composed in a special metre, called toglag, for specimen see Edda (Ht. 68–70), and the fragments in Ó. H.; togdrápu-háttr, -lag, the metre of a togdrápa, Edda (Ht.), 137, 138.

tog-fiski

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. line-fishing, angling, Ísl. ii. 303.

tog-lag

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. the metre of a togdrápa, Edda (Ht.) 138.

tog-löð
Zoëga

f. a body of twelve.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a body of twelve; t. eru tólf, Edda 108.

tog-mæltr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. in the metre toglag, Edda 138.

tolla
Zoëga

I)

v. to cleave to, hang fast.

II)

(að), v. to toll, take toll.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [tollr], to toll, take toll; tolla ok tíunda, Stj. 441: to pay, t. fyrir e-t, D. N. i. 266.

TOLLA
Zoëga

I)

v. to cleave to, hang fast.

II)

(að), v. to toll, take toll.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

pres. tolli; pret. tolldi; part. tollað:—to cleave to, hang fast, without dropping off; húfan tollir ekki á höfðinu, það gat ekki tollað, it would not sit fast, dropped off; í tízkunni eg tolli, I cleave to the custom, Eggert; the word is very freq. in mod. usage, but only once occurs in old writers, viz. in the old ballad,—svá vil ek ok, kvað kerling, með Ingólfi ganga, meðan mér tvær um tolla, tenn í efra gómi, whilst two teeth still cleave to my upper gum, Hallfr. S. ch. 2 (in a verse), Fs. 86.

tollheimtu-maðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a publican, tax-gatherer, N. T.

TOLLR
Zoëga

(-s, -ar), m. toll, duty, tax (Íslendingar skulu engi toll gjalda í Noregi nema landaura).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [A. S. and Engl. toll; Germ. zoll; Dan. told], a toll, esp. of excise duties; Íslendingar skulu engi toll gjalda í Noregi nema landaura, Grág. ii. 408; hverr maðr skyldi gefa toll til hofs (hof-tollr) sem nú kirkju-tíund, Landn. (Hb.) 259; hann fær toll af hverjum uppdal sem útnesi, Fms. x. 185; læsa hafnir ok taka þar toll af, xi. 321; tollr kirkjunnar, Vm. 91; spyrr hann um skuld sína—Hann kvaðsk eigi vita, hvat til mundi verða um slíka tolla, Njarð. 396; tíundir vóru þá öngar en tollar vóru þá til lagðir um land allt, Bs. i. 55; hafði hann þá tekjur allar af sveitunum ok sauða-toll, a sheep-tax, Sturl. iii. 78; hafnar-t., a harbour-toll, Grág. ii. 401, Fs. 157,; skip-t. (q. v.), a ship-tax; hof-t., q. v.; vápna-t., N. G. L. iii. 80; Ólafs-tollr, D. N. v. 660; tollr Holts-kirkju, Bs. i. 737.

COMPDS: tollheimta, tollheimtumaðr, tolllaust.

toll-heimta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. the levying a toll.

toll-laust

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. toll-free, Vm. 87.

tolu-mark

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a mark in counting, Rb. 564.

TOPPR
Zoëga

1) tuft, lock of hair, forelock;

2) top; t siglu, mast-top, mast-head.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [Germ. zopf; cp. topt or tupt], a tuft or lock of hair, of a horse’s forelock, Fas. ii. 207, 534; ok var síðan skorinn stuttr toppr yfir brúnum, Sks. 288; tuttr litli ok toppr fyrir nefi, and a tuft under the nose, Fas. ii. (in the giantess’ lullaby song): Katla lék at hafri sínum ok jafnaði topp hans ok skegg (a goat’s tuft or beard), ok greiddi flóka hans, Eb. 92.

2. of a horse; hvárki toppr né tagl, Fas. i. 80; hestr hvítr at lit, rauð eyrun ok topprinn, Ld. 194; enn ef topp skerr ór höfði hrossi manns, sá er sekr aurum tveimr, N. G. L. i. 228; láta kasta toppi, to amble so as to shake the forelock: the poët. names of steeds, Gull-t., Gold-tuft; Silfrin-t., Silver-tuft, Edda.

II. metaph. a top (Lat. apex), prop. a ‘crest;’ toppr siglu, a mast-top, a mast-head, Mar.

topp-önd

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a tufted duck.

TOPT
Zoëga

f.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

tomt, tupt, toft, tuft; the vowel is short, and toft makes a rhyme to opt (Sighvat), Hroptr, lopt, Skáld H. 6. 8: in mod. pronunc. tótt, cp. Dr. Egilsson’s Poems, p. 95; [the forms in early Swed. and Norse also vary much, tompt, top, toft, Schlyter; the word is identical with Engl. tuft.]

B. A green tuft or knoll, green, grassy place, then generally like mid. Lat. toftum, Engl. toft, a piece of ground, messuage, homestead; en nú Skaði byggir fornar toptir föður, Gm. 11; atgeirs-toptir, poët. ‘halberds-homestead,’ i. e. the hands holding the halberd, Ad.; óðal-toptir, an allodial piece of ground, Fms. vi. (in a verse); ef maðr færir hús frá óðals-tuft, þá skal hann bera einu sinni með vátta tvá á óðals-tuftir, if a man removes a house from its ancient (allodial) ground, N. G. L. i. 379 (v. l. 14, 15); toptar nökkvi, the ‘toft-ship,’ i. e. a house, Ýt.; Hropts sig-toptir, Odin’s homestead of victory, i. e. Walhalla, Vsp.

2. a place marked out for a house or building, a toft; …

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tord-yfill

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

[= A. S. tord-wifel, tord; Engl. turd; Swed. and mod. Dan. skarn-basse]:—a dung-beetle; vér höfum veiddan tordyfil einn, Dropl. 10.

TORF
Zoëga

n.

1) turf, sod (höfðu Danir gert borgarvegg af grjóti, torfi ok viðum);

2) turf for fuel, peat; grafa t., to dig peat.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [A. S. and Engl. turf; Dan. törv], a turf, sod; hylja hræ grjóti, torfi, klæðum eðr snæ, Grág. ii. 88; til garðlags torf eðr grjót, 262; torf ok grjót, Nj. 64; toptin var full af torfi ok grjóti, Rd. 274; borgar-vegg af grjóti ok torfi ok viðum, Fms. i. 123; lét konungr bera til viðu ok torf ok fylla díkit, vii. 54; torfs-maðr, a person who runs the gauntlet pelted with sods, N. G. L. i. 253.

2. turf for fuel, peat; geita gættu, grófu torf, dug turf, peat, Rm. 12; hann fann fyrstr manna at skera torf ór jörðu til eldiviðar á Torfnesi á Skotlandi, þvíat íllt var til viðar í Eyjunum, Orkn. 16; skera torf til eldibranda, Grág. ii. 338; elda er rétt at göra ok kljúfa torf til, K. Þ. K. 88; hann stóð í mýri nökkurri ok gróf torf, Njarð. 370; eldi-torf, ‘fuel-turf,’ i. e. peat, Ísl. ii. 112.

B. COMPDS: torfbáss, torfbingr, torffæri, torfgarðr, torfgröf, torfhraukr, torfhrip, torfhús, torfkast, torfkrókr, torfköstr, torfleikr, torfljár, torfmenn, torfmór, torfmýrr, torfnaust, torfskeri, torfskurðr, torfstaða, torfstakkr, torfverk, torfvirki, torfvöllr, torfvölr, torföx.

☞ The passages quoted all refer to Iceland, except two or three to the Orkneys, and one to Norway, viz. …

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torfa
Zoëga

f. turf, slice of sod.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. turf, a green spot; á yztu torfur sinna herbergja, Fbr. 156; þar sem sær mætisk ok græn torfa, N. G. L. i. 13.

2. many farms built together are in Icel. called torfa.

II. a slice of sod (if square it is called hnauss, q. v.); þá fellr torfa ór garðinum ok skriðnar hann, Ísl. ii. 357; eyri fyrir torfu hverja (troðu, næfra kimbul, torfu), N. G. L. i. 101, Ld. 58, 60, referring to the ordeal of going under a sod of turf; torfu bugr, the bend of the sod, Ld. l. c.: metaph., höggva torfu, a slice, af höfði, N. G. L. i. 81. torfu-þíðr, adj. thawed, Jb. 302.

Torfa
Zoëga

f. turf, slice of sod.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f., and Torfi, a, m., pr. names, Landn. (in Skáld torfa).

torf-báss
Zoëga

m. a shed to keep peat.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a boose or shed to keep sods (or peat?) in, Ísl. ii. 113.

torf-bingr
Zoëga

m. a pile of turfs or peat.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a pile of turfs or peat, Ísl. ii. 112.

torf-færi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. tools for cutting sods and peat, Háv. 47.

torf-garðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a fence of sods, D. N. v. 957.

torf-gröf
Zoëga

f. peat-hole.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a turf-hole, peat-pit, Grág. ii. 338; kirkja á tvítuga t. í Nesland, Vm. 39; eptir mýrinni fyrir sunnan Molastaða torfgrafir, Dipl. v. 25; Haraldr jarl ungi féll við torf-grafir nökkurar, Orkn. 476 (referring to the Orkneys).

torf-hraukr
Zoëga

m. peat-stack.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a peat-stack, Sturl. i. 179.

torf-hrip
Zoëga

n. turf-pannier, peat-basket.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a basket to carry peat, Nj. 252.

torf-hús

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a peat-shed.

torf-kast
Zoëga

n. pelting with sods.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a pelting with sods, Sturl. iii. 225, cp. Eb. ch. 41.

torf-krókr
Zoëga

m. a kind of box to carry peat and sods.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a kind of box (a sketch of which see Eggert Itin. tab. viii. fig. 2), to carry peat and sods, Sturl. i. 179 C.

torf-köstr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a turf-stack, peat-stack, Vm. 13.

torf-leikr
Zoëga

m. ‘turf-game’, pelting with sods.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a game, ‘turf-laking,’ pelting, Eb. 210; prob. = the Scot. game of bickers, see Sir W. Scott’s Waverley, the Appendix to the General Preface.

torf-ljár

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = torfskeri.

torf-menn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. pl. ‘turf-men,’ dealers in turf, N. G. L. iii. 15 (year 1282).

torf-mór
Zoëga

m. turf-moor.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a turf-moor, Grág. ii. 338.

torf-mýrr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. turf-moor, a local name, Vm. 5.

torf-naust
Zoëga

n. a ship-shed built of turf.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a ship-shed (naust) built of turf (or a ‘turf or peat-shed?’), Landn. 118.

torf-skeri
Zoëga

m. an implement for cutting sods or peats.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a turf-cutter, Landn. 283, (mod. torf-ljár.)

torf-skurðr
Zoëga

m. cutting turf or peat.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. cutting turf or peat, Sturl. i. 79; Vetrliði skáld var at torfskurði með húskörlum sínum, Bs. i. 14; staðrinn í Runa á torfskurð í Bakkaland á Torfmýri svá sem þarf til eldiviðar, Vm. 5; t. er í Hólalaud frá Spákonu-felli, Pm. 67; skógr í Þverárhlíð at viða til sels, t. í Steindórs-staða land, D.I. i. 471.

torf-staða

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a place where turf or peat is cut; jörðin á torfstöðu á Hól ofan frá Öngulstöðum, Dipl. v. 5.

torf-stakkr
Zoëga

m. peat-stack.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a peat-stack, Ísl. ii. 116; griðungrinn hefir brotið niðr torfstakka hans, Ld. 336.

torf-verk

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a cutting turf or peat, Rd. 278, Vm. 5.

torf-viðr
Zoëga

m. = tyrvi, tyrviðr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = tyri-viðr, [A. S. tyrwe], a tarred tree; kasta loganda torfviði með brennu-steini, Róm. 277 (= Lat. ‘picem et sulphure taedam mixtam ardenti mittere,’ Sallust, Jug. ch. 57).

torf-virki

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. a false reading for tjöru-virki, N. G. L. i. 251, cp. ii. 145.

torf-völlr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a place to dry peat, Dipl. iv. 12.

torf-völr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [torvol, Ivar Aasen], a thin plank running along the eaves of a turf-thatched cottage, so as to prevent the earth falling down, N. G. L. i. 101, Gþl. 331.

torf-öx

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a turf-axe, for cutting turf or peat, Háv. 47.

TORG
Zoëga

n. market, mart, market-place (hann var úti staddr á torgi).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [Swed. torg; Dan. torv; the other word markaðr is from the Lat., and torg is prob. a Slav. word; Russ. torge]:—a market or mart; menn konungs höfðu torg ok skemtun ok leika úti hjá herbergjunum, Fms. xi. 366; hann var úti staddr á torgi, þar var fjölmenni mikit, i. 80; hann leitaði eptir of matkaup, görðu þeir honum þann kost, at þeir mundi setja þeim torg framan til Föstu, Orkn. 344; setja e-m torg til matkaupa, Fms. vii. 78; Sigmundi konungi var hvervetna sett torg ok annarr farar-greiði, Fas. i. 143; hafa torg fyrir hvers manns dyrum, Rétt. 12; á bryggjum eðr á stræti eðr á torgi, Gþl. 178, Matt. xi. 16, xx. 3, xxiii. 7, Mark vii. 4, Luke vii. 32, Acts xvi. 19, xvii. 17.

II. a market-place, in Nidaros, D. N. iii. 195; in Bergen, Bs. i. 636; in Oslo, D. N. iv. 307, 697; cattle and sheep were to be bought ‘á torgi’ in the market-place, but fresh fish ‘fyrir torgi,’ Rétt. 2. 5 (Fr.); the word is never used in reference to Icel. In Scandin. towns the squares are called ‘torg,’ e. g. Kongens Ny-torv, Gammel-Torv, in Copenhagen: allit., um tún og torg, þjóðin öll um tún og torg | tók upp hrygðarklæði, Barbarossa kvæði (Ed. by Maurer). …

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torga

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to eat up; with dat., eg torga því ekki, I cannot eat it up; hann át sem hann torgaði, he ate all he could.

Torgar

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. pl. (name of an island in Norway), a market (?); see Gramm. p. xvii, col. 2, l. 12 from the bottom.

torta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. the podex of a beast.

tortís

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a torch, Mar., Karl.

toru-gætr
Zoëga

a., older form = torgætr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj., older form = torgætir, Korm. ch. 12 (in a verse), Fms. iv. 124 (torgætr, Ó. H. l. c.), ix. 450, x. 62, 116, Eb. 92 new Ed.; jafn-torogætt, Bs. i. 143.

TOR-
Zoëga

an inseparable adverbial prefix in compels., opp. to ‘auð-’.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

an adverbial prefix to compds, opp. to auð-, q. v.; [this inseparable particle answers to Gr. δυς-, and remains only in O. H. G. zur-; in Ulf. tur- in a single word tur-werjan, Mark xi. 23; it is lost in A. S., Engl., Germ., and in the mod. Scandin. languages; in Icel. it is in full use up to the present day]:—difficult, hard.

tor-breytligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. very difficult, Fms. viii. 12, v. l.

tor-bænn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. hard to move by prayer, Skv. 3.

tor-bættr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. hard to make good again, Hom. 73.

tor-fenginn
Zoëga

a. hard to get.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

and tor-fengr, adj. hard to get, Fms. v. 187, Ld. 188.

tor-flutt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. n.; þat eyrendi mundi torflutt, difficult to carry, Þorf. Karl. 386.

tor-fyndr
Zoëga

a. difficult to find.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. hard to find, rare, Stor.

tor-færa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a difficult, dangerous passage or road, Al. 20, Fms. xi. 253, Sks. 207, MS. 655 viii. 2, Clem. 29.

tor-færi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. = torfæra, Orkn. 208.

tor-færiligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. hard to pass, Al. 54, Sks. 214.

tor-færr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. id., Fms. vii. 297.

tor-færur

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. pl. places hard to pass.

tor-gætr
Zoëga

a. hard to get, rare.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. hard to get, rare, Fms. iv. 124, Ld. 128; torgætar görsimar, Stj.

tor-höfn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. atrophy, Björn.

tor-kenna
Zoëga

(-da, -dr), v. to disguise.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, to transform, so as to make it hard to recognise; leitaðusk þau við at torkenna hann sem þau máttu, to dissemble, disparage, Finnb. 220.

tor-kenndr
Zoëga

pp. hard to recognize.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. hard to recognise, Sturl. iii. 148, Fms. x. 383.

tor-kenniligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. = torkenndr.

tor-kenning
Zoëga

f. disguise.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a disguise, Art.

tor-leiði
Zoëga

n. = torfœra.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. = torfæri, Eg. 410, Edda 60, Al. 50, Greg. 22.

tor-merki
Zoëga

n. difficulties; telja ~ á e-u, to raise difficulties about.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl., in the phrase, telja t. á e-u, to dissuade by detailing all the difficulties, Fas. ii. 393.

tor-moltinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. hard to digest, Björn.

tor-mæði

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. rancour, Hom. 26 (= Lat. rancor).

tor-næmr
Zoëga

a. hard to learn.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. hard to learn, Sks. 244, 265: of a person, slow to learn, opp. to næmr.

tor-ráðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. embarrassing, a pr. name, Landn.

tor-rek
Zoëga

n. (severe) loss.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. (qs. tor-wrek, a dismal wreck, sad loss), a loss, detriment; ef maðr er stolinn fé sínn … ok lýsa sínu torreki, N. G. L. i. 83; furðu mikit t. görir faðir þinn sér at, Hkr. i. 73; várt t. lízk verra, Sighvat: the name of a poem, Sona-torrek, Sons’ loss, Eg.

tor-reyfiligr
Zoëga

a. difficult.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. difficult, Sks. 20 (v. l.) new Ed.

tor-ræki
Zoëga

n. misfortune.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. misfortune, Eg. 699.

tor-sóttligr
Zoëga

a. hard to overcome, or to come at; of things, hard to perform.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. of persons, hard to overcome, come at, Lv. 49, Ld. 238; eiga við torsóttligt fólk, Fb. iii. 445: of things, hard to perform or the like, Fms. ix. 295, Ld. 178, 292.

tor-sóttr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. = torsóttligr, Nj. 223, Ld. 278, Fbr. 38, Fms. v. 37.

tor-sveigðr
Zoëga

pp. hard to sway or bend.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. hard to sway, bend, Fms. x. 288.

tor-sveigr
Zoëga

a. hard to sway or bend.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. id., Ísl. ii. 246.

tor-sýnn
Zoëga

a. hard to see.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. hard to see, Nj. 111, v. l.

tor-sækiligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= torsóttligr, Grett. 133 C.

tor-sær
Zoëga

a. = torsýnn.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. = torsýnn, Ísl. ii. 333.

tor-talinn
Zoëga

pp. hard to count.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. hard to count, Fms. viii. 411.

tor-tíma
Zoëga

(-da, -t), v. to destroy, kill (honum mátti hvorki torlíma gálgi né virgill).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(mod. tor-týna), d, to destroy, with dat., Fas. ii. 517, 519, Stj. 456; drepit hafa þeir Jamund ok allt lið hans, ok tortímt hafa þeir guðunum sjálfum, Karl. 231; fyrirbjóðu vér hverjum manni þeim at tortíma eðr þeirra varnaði aflögliga, D. N. i. 80.

2. to kill; engu skyldi tortíma í fjallinu hvárki fé né mönnum, Eb. 7 new Ed.; vildi hann eigi t. hindinni, Þiðr. 165; ok lét öngu tortíma (tortýna Ed.) þar nema kvikfé heimilu, Landn. 254; taka við barninu, fara með þat til Reykjadals-ár ok tortíma því þar, Ísl. i. 19; hánum mátti hvárki tortíma gálgi né virgill, O. H. L. 81.

tor-tryggð

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. doubt, suspicion, incredulity, 623. 26; nú skulu vér hnekkja þeirri t. ok sýna einurð várrar frásagnar, Fms. viii. 48; skulu þeir vera vitnis-menn ok ef nokkur verðr t. þar á, ok skal fé virða, Jb. 406; hafa t. á e-m, to suspect, Str. 16, 76; t. leikr á e-u, Js. 26; e-m er t. á, Þiðr. 128, passim.

tor-tryggiliga

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. doubtfully, suspiciously, Sks. 80.

tor-tryggiligr
Zoëga

a. doubtful, suspicious.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. doubtful, suspicious, Nj. 103 C.

tor-tryggja
Zoëga

(-ða, -ðr), v. to mistrust, suspect.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

ð, to mistrust, doubt, suspect; ok bað hann ekki t. þess ins helga manns miskunn, Fms. v. 147; enn margir eru þeir menn er þetta gruna, ok tortryggva þessa hluti, x. 371; skal ek aldrigi tortryggva mátt hans, Blas. 48; verði hann tortryggðr um eiðinn, Grág. i. 56; ef sá tortryggvir boðit er málann á, ii. 245; nú vill maðr úskyldr kaupa ok tyrtryggir (sic) sá er næstr er kaupi, N. G. L. i. 92; ef sá tortryggir er fyrir varð, Gþl. 164.

tor-tryggleiki

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. distrust, Str. 32.

tor-tryggr
Zoëga

a. doubtful, incredulous (hann er svá ~, at hann trúir engum manni).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. doubtful, incredulous; Högni var hljoðlyndr, tortryggr ok sannorðr, Nj. 91; hann er svá t. at hann trúir engum manni, Glúm. 397; hann ávítaði þá, þvíat þeir vóru tortryggvir, Hom. 88.

tor-týna

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, an etymologizing corruption of tortíma, but only in very late vellums and in mod. paper transcripts; Fms. v. 213 is an error, for Fb. ii. (l. c.) 389 has the true old form, cp. N. G. L. ii. 9, v. l. 18; the reading Landn. 254 must be due to the transcriber of the lost vellum.

tor-unninn
Zoëga

pp. hard to overcome.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. hard to overcome, Fms. viii. 220.

tor-velda
Zoëga

(-lda, -ldr), v. to make difficult (torvekla e-t fyrir sér).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. d, to make difficulties; t. e-t fyrir e-m, Ld. 238.

2. u, f. a difficulty, Rb. 336. torvelda-laust, adj. without difficulties, Bs. i. 307.

tor-veldi
Zoëga

n. and f. difficulty.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a difficulty; engi torveldi, Fs. 50; starf ok t., Fms. vii. 221; hver t. þar er á, Fas. i. 266: neut., meira torveldi, Stj. 326; með miklum torveldum, Fms. x. 368.

tor-veldligr
Zoëga

a. hard, difficult (þótti honum torvelt at rétta þeira hlut).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

or tor-velligr, adj. ‘hard to wield,’ hard, difficult, Nj. 122, Fms. vii. 257, Ísl. ii. 223, Greg. 62, MS. 656 C. 24.

tor-veldr
Zoëga

a. hard, difficult (þótti honum torvelt at rétta þeira hlut).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj., torvelzt, Eluc. 58 (mod. torveldari, -astr); [valda]:—hard, difficult; torveldar sendifarar, Fms. i. 15; þótti honum torvelt at rétta þeirra hlut, Orkn. 12; torvelt get ek yðr verða at …, 358, passim.

tor-virðr
Zoëga

a. difficult to estimate.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. difficult to estimate, Band. 31 new Ed.

tor-þeystr
Zoëga

pp. hard to stir.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. (opp. to auð-þeystr), hard to stir, Nj. 90 C; opp. to auð-þeystr, Stor. 2.

tor-æri
Zoëga

n. bad season, famine, = hallæri.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a bad season, famine, = hallæri, Bs. i. 744.

tosa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [A. S. tæsan; Engl. tease], to drag a dead weight; tosa við e-ð; perh. from the English.

toskr
Zoëga

m. tusk, in ‘Rata-~’.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., thus (not töskr) in Gm. (see Bugge, foot-note), in Edd. of Edda it is erroneously spelt with ö; [A. S. tusc or tux; Engl. tusk; Fris. tosk and tusk]:—a tusk, tooth; only remaining in the pr. name, Ratatoskr, Gm., Edda; see the remarks s. v. íkorni and rati.

Tosti

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a pr. name, a Scandin. and Swed. name, in Sköglar-tosti, the father of queen Sigrid the Proud, Hkr. i; hence the name came to England, as in earl Tostig, son of Godwin; it occurs several times on Swed. Runic stones: as appell. it means a frog, see Bosworth’s A. S. Diet.

tota

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a teat or teat-like protuberance, e. g. of the toe of a shoe; stendr fram eins og tota; cp. A. S. totodon, p. 105 in Gregory’s Pastoral, edited by Mr. Sweet; cp. tottr, tútna (Dan. tude = a spout).

toti

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. = tota; in the saying, hverr vill sínum tota fram ota: a nickname, Fms. i. 8.

totta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [akin to tuttr, tottr], to suck, esp. to suck the last drop of a drained teat; totta mína pípu, to suck my pipe, Sig. Pét.

tottogo

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= tuttugu, D.I. i. 476.

tottr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [Dan. tommel-tot = tom-thumb], a nickname, Sturl., Fms., of a dwarfish person.

TÓ
Zoëga

I)

f. grassy spot among cliffs (gammrinn settist í tó eina, er var í björgunum).

II)

n. wool; vinna tó, to card or dress wool (konur unnu tó á daginn).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a tuft of grass, grassy spot, among rocks; þar var tó undir er hann fór ofan, Rd. 310; einn dag fóru þeir í bjarg at sækja sér hvannir í einni tó er síðan er kölluð Þorgeirs-tó, Fbr. 87; gammrinn settisk í eina tó, er varð í björgunum, Fas. ii. 231; hann hljóp ofan fyrir hamrana í tó eina, 251; gras-tó, grass-turf, af hömrunum ofan í grastóna, Fbr. 156; freq. in mod. usage.

II. [A. S. taw = spinning, weaving; Engl. tow; Ivar Aasen to; cp. toddi, Dan. uld-tot]:—a wool-tod, a tuft of wool; vinna tó, to dress wool (spin, card), konur unnu þar tó á daginn, Grett. 34 new Ed.; rygjar-tó, q. v.

COMPDS: tóvara, tóvinna.

TÓA

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. (qs. tófa); [this word, at present the general name for the fox, seems not to occur in old writers (cp. fóa, refr, melrakki), not even among the names of foxes, Edda ii. 490; but it occurs in the modern rhyme quoted by Maurer, 169; the etymology is not certain, between the two vowels some consonant has been absorbed, perh. f, qs. tófa, from the fox’s tufted tail; or, it may be akin to tæfa, týja (q. v.), Dan. tæve = a dam with cubs.]

B. A fox, passim in mod. usage; aldrei tryggist tóa | þó tekin sé úr henni róa, Hallgr.; aldrei verðr tóan tryggð | teigað hefir hún lamba blóð, | sízt er von á djúpri dyggð | dóttir Skolla er ekki góð, a ditty; there are in Icel. rhymed fables called Tóu-kvæði = Fox-songs; one at least (not published) is attributed to Hallgrim Pétrsson (17th century); but the earliest is the Skaufala-bálkr, cp the words grýla, refr, skröggr, skaufali, mel-rakki (see melr).

COMPDS: tóu-skinn, tóu-skott, n. a fox-skin, fox-tail. tóu-yrlingr, m. a fox-cub.

tóbak

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. tobacco, (mod.)

Tófi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. and Tófa, u, f. freq. old Dan. and Swed. pr. names, Sighvat, Baut.; cp. Germ. zôbe—a bondmaid.

Tóki

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m., prop. a simpleton (Swed. toket = silly, idiotic); hence a pr. name, freq. in old Dan., whence mod. Dan. Tyge, and Latinised Tycho (Tycho Brahe); the name is connected with the ancient tale of the master-archer Tóki (the Norse form of the Tell legend in Switzerland), told in Saxo and partly in the Icel. Jómsv. S. (Pálna-tóki), an Indo-Germanic legend.

TÓL
Zoëga

n. pl. tools (gerðu þeir hamar ok töng ok steðja ok þaðan af öll tól önnur).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. [A. S. tôl; Engl. tool], tools; tangir skópu ok tól görðu, Vsp.; hamar, töng ok steðja ok þaðan af öll tól önnur, Edda 9; brjóta borgina með þess-konar tölum sem þar til hæfði, Al. 11; skolpa ok nafra ok öll önnur þau tól er til skipsmíðar þarf at hafa, Sks. 31; tönn snúin svá sem hón sé með tólum gör, 131, passim; smiðar-tól, graf-tól (qq. v.); tóla-kista, a tool-chest, Fs. 176, Ísl. ii. 81.

II. metaph. genitalia, Mar. 867; hringja tólunum, naturalia aperta gerere (like the Cynics), cp. the pun in Maurer’s Volks. 62 (the verse).

TÓLF
Zoëga

card. numb. twelve.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(qs. tvalf), [Goth. twa-lif; A. S. twelf; Engl. twelve; Germ. zwölf; Dan. tolv]:—twelve, Grág. i. 16, ii. 20, 31, 45, Rb. 368, passim.

II. as noun, both sixes on the dice; in the phrase, kasta tólfunum, of a great piece of good luck.

COMPDS: tólfeyringr, tólffeðmingr, tólffótungr, tólfgreindr, tólfmánuðr, tólfmenningr, tólfræðr, tólftigr, tólfæringr, tólfærr.

tólft

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. = tylpt, a number of twelve, duo-decade, dozen; in tólftar-kviðr, m. a verdict of a jury of twelve neighbours, Grág. i. 138, 168, 207, K. Þ. K. 168, Glúm. 365, cp. Eb. 19 new Ed.

tólfti
Zoëga

ord. numb. the twelfth.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. the twelfth, Grág. i. 118, N. G. L. i. 348, passim.

tólftungr
Zoëga

m. the twelfth part.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the twelfth part of a thing (cp. þriðjungr, fjórðungr … áttungr), Sks. 59, Vm. 48.

tólf-eyringr
Zoëga

m. a twelve-ounce ring.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a twelve-ounce ring, Grág. ii. 171.

tólf-faldr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. twelvefold, Post. 513.

tólf-feðmingr
Zoëga

m. a space twelve-fathom square.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a twelve-fathom square, Ám. 22; fylgir þar tólffeðmings skurðr torfs, Dipl. iii. 6, iv. 12.

tólf-fótungr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a ‘twelve-foot a kind of grub or maggot.

tólf-greindr
Zoëga

pp. divided into twelve.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. divided into twelve, Stj. 286.

tólf-mánuðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a twelve-month; nú líðr þessi t., Þiðr. 68; innan tólfmánuðar dags, D. N. iv. 323; tólfmánaðr stefna, N. G. L. i. 343.

tólf-menningr
Zoëga

m. a company of twelve, at a banquet.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a company of twelve at a banquet; en þá er t. var skipaðr til at sitja, Glúm. 331.

tólf-ræðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. consisting of twelve tens, epithet of a hundred; tólfrætt hundrað, a duodecimal hundred, i. e. a hundred and twenty, Ó. H. (pref.), Grág. ii. 91, Sks. 56, Fb. i. 271 (see hundrað).

tólf-tigr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. = tólfræðr, Sks. 56, v. l.

tólf-æringr
Zoëga

m. a twelve-oared boat.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a twelve-oared boat, Sturl. ii. 162, Fas. ii. 509, N. G. L. ii. 138.

tólf-ærr
Zoëga

a. twelve-oared.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. twelve-oared, N. G. L. i. 159.

tólgr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. (mod. also tólg, f., or even tólk); [Engl. tallow; Germ., Dan. talg; akin to Goth. tulgus = στερεός]:—tallow, when melted and stiffened; til tólgs ok vax, Pm. 103; tólgar skjöldr, a round piece of melted tallow.

TÓM
Zoëga

n. leisure; Aron kvað nú eigi t. at því, A. said there was no time (leisure) for that; í tómi, at leisure; leika í tómi við, to allow oneself time, take one’s time (hann sá hvert ráð, er bezt gegndi, ef hann lék í tómi við); í góðu, œrnu tómi, at good, ample leisure; af tómi, by and by.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. emptiness, vacuity; jörðin var eyði og tóm, Gen. i. 2.

II. metaph. leisure = Lat. otium; þeir báðu hann gefa sér tóm til, at þeir hitti Aðalstein konung, Eg. 279; tóm er at klæðask, Bev.; gefa sér tóm til e-s, Hom. (St.); ljá e-m tóms, Ld. 276; Aron kvað nú eigi tóm at því, there was no time (leisure) for that, Sturl. ii. 69; ok væri lengra tóm til gefit, Fms. xi. 27; sá er úrækir langt tóm, 656 C. 34:—with prepp., the phrase, í tómi, at leisure, Fs. 105, Gullþ. 18, Eb. 256, Fms. ii. 261; leika við e-t í tómi, Fms. vi. 152, O. H. L. 22; hann kallaði ákaft en þau bjoggusk í tómi, Fms. x. 216; af tómi, by and bye, Nj. 18, Fs. 24; í góðu, ærnu tómi, in good, full leisure, Fms. viii. 88, Fb. i. 196.

tómr
Zoëga

a.

1) empty; með tvær hendr tómar, empty-handed;

2) vain, mere, idle (vera kann at þetta sé eigi tóm orð, er þú talar nú).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [Dan. tom; North. E. and Scot. toom], empty; tómr laupr, Gþl. 524; it tóma haf, Sks. 199: empty-handed, missir hann ok ferr nú tómr aptr at landi, Hom.; með tvær hendr tómar, empty-handed, Sturl. iii. 258: slovenly, tómr maðr = ‘homo otiosus,’ Hom. 26: vain, vera kann, at þetta sé eigi tóm orð, Ld. 254; tóm er lækning sú er eigi græðir sjúkan, 623. 19; tóm dýrð, vain-glory, 655 xvi. 3.

tóm-látr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. slow, slovenly; Sköfnungr er t. en þú óðlátr, Korm. 80; eigi vóru þér nú tómlátir Íslendingar, Fms. vii. 35; Þórir var inn tómlátasti, Fas. ii. 414; var hans saknað … þeir kváðu öngan skaða vera um svá tómlátan mann, Fs. 69; mjök fúsum manni þykkir flýtirinn jafnvel t. vera, Stj. 172.

tóm-liga
Zoëga

adv. slowly, leisurely.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. slowly, leisurely, Fms. ii. 275, ix. 357, Ísl. ii. 345, Gþl. 108; en er hann kom suðr um Staði þá fór hann allt tómligar, Hkr. i. 264.

tóm-læti
Zoëga

n. slowness, leisureliness (þeir sögðu Þorleif mjök íslenzkan fyrir ~ sitt).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. slowness, slovenliness, indolence; þeir sögðu Þorleif mjök Íslenzkan fyrir t. sitt, Eb. 198; t. (indolence) góðs verks, Hom. 26; t. várt er latir erum, 84.

tóm-stund
Zoëga

f. leisure-hour, leisure (gefið mér ~ til ráða-gerðar); ljá e-m ~ar, to give one time.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a leisure-hour, leisure (= tóm), Nj. 77; gefit mér t. til ráða-görðar, Fms. vii. 258.

tóna
Zoëga

(að), v. to set in tunes.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [Lat. tonare], to intone, of the priest in the service: to set in tunes, in a book, syngja sléttan söng eptir því sem tónat væri á kór-bókum, Bs. i. 847.

tónn
Zoëga

m. musical sound, tone.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [Lat.], a tune; syngja tíðir við tón, Sturl. iii. 210. tóni, a, m. = tónn, Sks. 633: as a nickname, Ann. 1393.

tón-laust

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. adj. without intonation, Thom. 455.

tópi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. [Dan. taabe = a fool; cp. Germ. toben], a ‘fool,’ obsol. in Icel.

2. the name of a Runic magical character causing madness, Skm., a απ. λεγ.

tóra
Zoëga

(-ða, -t), v. to vegetate, have a mere existence (látið þá t. at eins).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

tóri, pret. tórði, part. tórt, to lounge, linger; látið þá tóra at eins, let them be all but living, Fas. i. 80; meðan eg tóri, as long as I live, freq. in mod. usage; also of a light, to gleam faintly (see etýra).

tót

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [akin to tó, q. v.], a flock of wool; in ó-tót and ó-tæti, a ‘un-flock,’ a rag.

tó-vara

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. ‘tow-ware,’ i. e. socks and gloves, and the like.

tó-vinna

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. wool-dressing, spinning, carding.

traðar-
Zoëga

from tröð, enclosure.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see tröð.

traðar-garðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the enclosure of a tröð, Gþl. 350 (where in the Norse sense).

traðar-lag

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. enclosure of pastures, N. G. L. i. 239. traðar-veggr, m. the wall of a pen, in the Icel. sense, Sturl. ii. 209.

traða-staðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a place where to build a tröð (II), Jm. 20.

traðk
Zoëga

n. a trodden spot.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. (or better traðkr, m.), a track, a path or trodden spot in snow, or the like; kómu þeir á traðk mikinn ofarliga í dalnum, Grett. 111 new Ed.; traðkit var mikit, Finnb. 248; er þar umhverfis traðk mikit (traðkr, v. l.), Konr. 30.

traðka

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, with dat. to tread on with the foot, to trample on: metaph., t. réttindum e-s.

trað-gjöf

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. cramming, giving sheep and cattle as much fodder as they can eat, Jb. 224.

trað-jóla

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, or troð-jóla, to drop; en það er til í tungu vorri, að sá sem týnt hefir nokkru, hann hafi ‘traðjólað’ því eða ‘troðjólað,’ sumir segja ‘taðjólað,’ allt í sömu merkingu, að hafa því niðrfellt, að troðast undir fótum eða velkjast á gólfi, Pál, Skýr. 265.

TRAF
Zoëga

n., only in pl. ‘tröf’, fringe; hón hafði knýtt um sik blæju ok vóru í mörk blá ok tröf fyrir enda, a kerchief with blue marks or stripes and fringes at the ends.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [cp. trefr], in old writers only in pl. tröf, a hem, fringe;þá tók hón til trafanna es á klæðum þeim vóru er tjaldat var of kistuna, Bs. i. 347; hón hafði knýtt um sik blæju, ok vóru í mörk blá, ok tröf fyrir enda, a kerchief with blue marks or stripes and fringe at the ends, Ld. 244; at þeir göri tröf með dreglum um skikkjur sínar, Stj. 328 (= Lat. fimbria of the Vulgate); at snertum tröfum klæða sinna, … klæða-tröfum, the hems of one’s garment, Post. (Unger) 29.

II. in mod. usage traf, sing., is a white linen kerchief; hvítr sem traf, white as a traf: traf-hvítr, adj. id.: trafa-kefli, n. a mangle: trafa-öskjur, f. pl. a linen-chest.

trafali

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. [prob. from Engl. travail], a hindrance, impediment; vera e-m til travala.

trafn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

or tramn, m. [Swed. trem; Dan. treme = a beam], a beam, log, Korm. (in a verse, the Ed. has trafr, but the rhyme with ‘hramni’ shews that the true form has mn).

traktera
Zoëga

(að), v.

1) to treat;

2) to entertain (t. e-n vel ok herliga).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [for. word], to treat, H. E. i. 469, 528: to entertain, Bs. i. 220.

trakteran

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. treatment, Stj. 30.

traktr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a kind of chant. Hom. (St.)

tramar
Zoëga

m. pl. fiends, demons.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. pl. [Norse tramen; provinc. Dan. tremmind = the evil one; ‘trami um jag dä gär’ is a Gottland oath; provinc. Swed. trommä, see Bugge’s note, ad loc. citand.; but þramar, not tramar, may be the original of all these words, for the Icel., at least now, say, þremillinn! hver þremillinn!]:—fiends, demons, a απ. λεγ., Skm. 30; but in this passage ‘gramar’ would better suit the alliteration, which is otherwise somewhat lame; it is to be borne in mind that in ancient vellums g and t initial are often hard to distinguish (see gramr II).

trampa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to tramp, (mod.)

trana
Zoëga

f. crane (bird).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. u, f., see trani.

II. pl. trönur, a frame-work, e. g. on which trunks of trees are laid to be cut by the saw; cp. tjald-trönur, a tent-frame.

2. að, to intrude; esp. in the phrase, trana sér fram, to push oneself, of an impertinent and intruding person.

trandill

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [A. S. trendel = an orb, sphere; Engl. trundle], a trundle (?); as a nickname, Landn. (Nj.), Bs. i. 172.

TRANI
Zoëga

m. crane (bird).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m.; this is the oldest form and gender, whence later, trana, u, f.; the masc. form occurs in Höfuðl. 10 (tranar); tranann, acc., Fms. x. 50, 353, 354; trananum, 304; traninn, 347, 350, Ó.T. 52; tranann, 32; but Tronona, trönu, 55, ll. 19, 23; tranann, trana, 64, l. c. (in an older vellum): in the verse of Hallfred (Fs. 209) Trönu should be Trana; cp. also Fagrsk. ch. 76, 80; [A. S. crân; Dan. trane]:—a crane, Fas. iii. 359, Art. 86, Str. 67, Edda (Gl.): metaph. as the name of a ship, Fms.: of a sword, Edda (Gl.)

2. a snout = rani, Fms. iv. 58 (but rani, Fb. ii. 27, l. c.)

trantr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a snout, in vulgar use.

trapiza
Zoëga

f. table (t. stóð á gólfi).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [a Gr. word, τράπεζα, from the Byzantine, through the Wærings]:—a table at the entrance of the hall, where the skapker (q. v.) was kept, and the horns were filled, and on which also stood the washing-basin, Fms. iii. 177, iv. 75, vi. 442, vii. 148, viii. 13, x. 331, Sd. 161.

trappa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [Dan. trappe; Germ. treppe], a step in a staircase.

trassa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to be sluttish; lítt hafði hann verit upp á skartsemi ok hirti ekki hvernig það trassaðist, Safn i. 656.

trassi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a slovenly fellow, esp. one negligent as to one’s dress or appearance: trassalegr and trassa-fenginn, adj. slovenly: trassa-skapr, m. slovenliness.

trauð
Zoëga

f., in the phrase, við t. ok nauð, with great difficulty.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., in the phrase, við trauð ok nauð, ‘let or hindrance,’ cp. Dan. ‘med nöd og neppe,’ Bs. i. 200, Karl. 384.

trauða
Zoëga

(að), v. to fail, be wanting.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to impede; in the phrase, þat trauðar eigi, that does not hinder, Fb. i. 260, Fas. i. 564, ii. 201.

trauðla
Zoëga

adv. scarcely, hardly.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(spelt traulla, Orkn. 204 in a verse, Fms. vii. 239, Korm. in a verse), adv. scarcely, hardly, = trauðliga.

trauðliga
Zoëga

adv. scarcely, hardly.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. scarcely, Nj. 245 C, Róm. 312, Hkr. iii. 361.

TRAUÐR
Zoëga

a. unwilling, loath, reluctant (t. mun ek af hendi at láta sveit þessa); neut., trautt, scarcely, = trauðla (til þess munu menn trautt vita dœmi).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. unwilling, loth, reluctant, Hkv. 2. 28, Skv. 3. 49; Kjartan var trauðr til ok hét þó ferðinni, Ld. 204; t. mun ek af hendi at láta sveit þessa, Eg. 65; em vér því trauðir at taka vandræði annarra, Nj. 181; t. em ek at fyrirláta þann átrúnað, sem …, Fms. i. 129; hann var t. til, he was loth to do it, Orkn. 40; trauðr em ek at týna þeim sigri, Ó. H. 74; Björn var t. til ok mæltisk undan, 51.

2. with gen., trauðr e-s, esp. in poets, Korm. (in a verse); trauðr góðs hugar, Gkv. 2. 10; all-trauðr flugar, Hkv. i. 52.

3. neut. trautt, as adverb, hardly, scarcely (= Germ. kaum), Band. 32 new Ed., Hkr. iii. 85, Fs. 67, Gullþ. 9; trautt til fær, Bs. i. 267; sem trauðast, Clem. 36, Þiðr. 203.

trauð-mál

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. dismal sayings, laments, Gh. 1.

TRAUST
Zoëga

n.

1) help, protection, support (hingat em ek kominn at sœkja heilræði at þér ok t.); ek hefi lítil t. undir mér, small power, authority;

2) firmness, confidence (vér megum með minna ~i um tala); hafa (bera) t. til e-s, to dare, venture (veit ek eigi ván þeira manna, er t. muni hafa at brjóta orð konungs).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [Dan. tröst; Engl. trust; derived forms from trúa, q. v., the st being inflexive]:—trust, with a notion of protection, shelter, safe abode; hann setti hann eptir til trausts Berg-Önundi, Eg. 368; em ek kominn at sækja heilræði at þér ok traust, Nj. 98; ef ek héta trausti mínu eðr umsjá, 260; hón hafði þenna mann sent honum til halds ok trausts, Ld. 46; í trausti konungs, Landn. 214, v. l.; er hann spurði at synir hans hötðu ekki traust í Englandi, Fms. i. 26; meðan ek em traust-lauss, slíkt traust sem þú hefir af Skota-konungi, iv. 222; þú skalt hafa tvá hluti landa ok þar með traust mitt, 229; en ek veita yðr mitt traust, vi. 54; með hamingju ok trausti hins heilaga Ólafs, 166; vera e-m traust ok hlífi-skjöldr, viii. 239; leita sér trausts til e-s, Fb. ii. 169; sitja í trausti e-s, 80.

2. firmness, confidence; veit ek eigi ván þeirra manna er traust muni hafa at brjóta orð konungs, to whom it will be safe, who will dare, Fms. iv. 257; af Guðs trausti, Ver. 22; þeir er heldr höfðu sér traust at mæla sem þótti, who had no fear of speaking as they thought, Fms. i. 22; vér megum með minna trausti um tala, with less confidence, vii. …

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trausta-tak

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a taking in trust, only used in the phrase taka e-ð trausta taki, e. g. of going into the rooms of a friend when absent and there taking a book ‘in trust,’ knowing that he will have no objection.

Trausti

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a pr. name, Vígl.

traustr
Zoëga

a.

1) trusty, firm, strong (Æsirnir kvoðu ‘silkibandit’ vera nökkuru traustara en líkindi þœtti á);

2) fig., eigi var traust, at eigi fyki steinar á skipin, it was not free from it;

3) confident.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. trusty, sure, firm, strong, safe; þeir höfðu skjöldu traustari enn Kvenir, Eg. 59; kvóðu silki-bandit vera nökkuru traustara enn líkindi þætti á fyrir digrleiks sakir … fjöturinn var sléttr ok blautr sem silki-ræma, en svá traustr ok sterkr sem nú skaltú heyra, Edda 19, 20; hvárt af osti eru gör akkeri vár, eðr reynask þau nökkuru traustari, Fms. vi. 253, traust brynja, Gd.; hlífar traustar, Edda (Ht.); so also Icel. say, íssinn er traustr, the ice is safe; ó-traustr, unsafe.

2. metaph., traustr til vápns ok harðfengi, Fs. 13; þeir hétu honum traustri fylgð, Orkn. 258; eigi berjumk ek ef ek fæ eigi traustara her., Fms. vi. 25; var eigi traust at hann næmi eigi galdr, it was not free from it, Bárð. 164; vera e-m traustr, to prove true to one, Ó. H. (in a verse).

traust-lauss
Zoëga

a. without protection; helpless.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [Germ. trostlos; Dan. tröstes-lös], without protection, helpless, Fms. iv. 222, Sks. 252.

traust-leiki
Zoëga

m. strength, firmness.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. strength, firmness, Sks. 420, Bær. 9 (valour).

traust-liga
Zoëga

adv. firmly, confidently.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. firmly, Gþl. 105: confidently, Hom. 14.

traust-ligr
Zoëga

a. safe, to be relied on.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. safe, to be relied on, Bær. 9; miklu væri traustligra (much safer) at týna barninu, 3.

tráss

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [Dan. trods], obstinacy.

trássask

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [Germ. trotz], to be obstinate, dogged; að hann hafi trássað og sagt, hann skyldi vinna allt Ísland með sjöunda mann, Bs. ii. 271; trássast við e-t, to neglect defyingly.

TREÐJA
Zoëga

(treð, tradda, traddr), v. to tread down, trample.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

traddi, traddr, [cp. troða], to tread, occurs only in a few forms; þá er Jörmunrekr jóm of traddi, Hðm. 3; törgur tröddusk, Hkm.; hafit ér mey um tradda, Hðm. 18; þú lézk tradda grund, Fms. vi. (in a verse).

trefill
Zoëga

m. tatter, rag.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a dimin. [Dan. trævler], a fringe, fringed kerchief; hékk annarr t. fyrir enn annarr á bak, Sd. 186 (of rags).

2. in mod. usage, a fringed scarf; láta trefil um hálsinn.

II. as a nickname, Landn. Trefla-kolla, the name of a witch, from her rags.

trefja

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. = hefr, mod. form.

TREFJA

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

trafði, trafiðr, to tear into fringes; a defect. verb, of which there only remains the part. trafiðr, Pr. 329.

treflugr
Zoëga

a. tattered, ragged.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [Dan. trævlet], fringed, with fringes, Fb. iii. 375.

trefr
Zoëga

f. pl. fringes, = tröf.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. pl. fringes; eigi sviðnuðu hinar minnstu trefr á skrúða hans, Bs. i. 42; blóðgar trefr, Fas. ii. 554; trefr af einu dýrligu klæði, i. 230; blæju ok trefr fyrir enda, Ld. 244, v. l.; sjúkir menn kómu við hans trefr … at snertum tröfum klæða þinna … trefum (dat.), Post. (Unger) 29.

TREGA
Zoëga

I)

(pres. tregr, pret. tregði), irreg. v. to grieve; fjöld er þat, er fira tregr, many are the woes of man; hví tregr-at ykkr teiti at mæla, how can ye bear to speak words of cheer?.

II)

(að), v. to grieve (marga menn ~ði mjök andlát porláks biskups); to bring grief upon (munaðar-ríki hefir margan ~t).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

irreg. verb, pres. tregr, pret. tregði, part. tregað, with suffixed neg. tregr-að, Gh. 2: part. tregnar, Hðm. 1. The mod. form is trega, að, which, though but rarely, occurs in vellums, e. g. tregaði, Bs. i. 301, in a vellum of the earlier part of the 14th century; [A. S. tregjan]:—to grieve, used impers.; fjölð er þat er fíra tregr, many are the woes of man, Sdm. 30; tregr mik þat, Gkv. 3. 2; hví tregrað ykkr teiti at mæla, how can ye be glad? Gh. 2; (hana) tregði för friðils, Vkv. 27; þat mál er mik meirr tregi, 35; alla menn tregr fall grams, the king’s death grieves all men, Hkr. i. (in a verse); tregnar iðir, dismal thoughts (?), Hðm. 1; marga menn tregaði mjök andlát Þorláks biskups, many were grieved over Th.’s death, Bs. i. 301; munaðar-ríki hefir margan tregað, brought many to grieve, Sól. 10.

2. in mod. usage, person., hann (nom.) tregaði, he wailed.

tregða
Zoëga

f. reluctance, unwillingness; hafa tregður í at gera e-t, to be unwilling to do a thing.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. reluctance, difficulty, unwillingness; ef konungr hefir nökkut tregður í at fara, Fms. vii. 116; hann hafði í nökkura tregðu um vígslu hans, Bs. i. 73; göra tregður í e-u, Mag. 134. tregða-laust, n. adj. without cavil, willingly, Bs. i. 388.

tregi
Zoëga

m.

1) difficulty, reluctance; hafa enga trega í málum þessum, to raise no difficulties in these suits;

2) grief, woe (með tárum ok trega); svá fellr mér þetta nær um trega, at, this grieves me so much that.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. [Ulf. trigo = Gr. λύπη; A. S. trega], difficulty, reluctance; vil ek nú biðja yðr alla at vér hafim önga trega í málum þessum, to raise no objections, Nj. 188; þá gékk at Þórir ór Garði ok leitaði at færa í alla trega þá er hann mátti, Grett. 150; at allir tregar myndi úr leggjask málum biskups, Thom. 381.

II. grief, woe, sorrow; með tárum ok trega, Thom. 45; af trega stórum, Gh. 1; ok leiða með tárum trega, Skm. 30; trega þér at segja, Hkv. 2. 28; hver sagði sinn trega, each told her woe, Gkv. 1. 3; löngum trega, Sól. 34; svá fellr mér þetta nær um trega, at …, it grieves me so, that …, Nj. 171; þrútinn af trega, Ld. 272; hón mátti hvárki eta né drekka fyrir trega, Fms. iii. 12.

tregliga
Zoëga

adv.

1) with difficulty;

2) reluctantly, unwillingly (Brúsi gekk ~ at öllu sáttmáli);

3) moodily (gekk hón ~ á tái sitja).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. with difficulty, as opp. to smoothly; kómu þeir honum at kalla ok þó sem tregligast, they moved her (the ship) with great difficulty, Fms. iii. 13.

2. unwillingly, reluctantly; Brúsi gékk tregliga at öllu sáttmáli, Ó. H. 98; beiddi leyfis ok fékk t., Karl. 277; hafði hann þat t. fengit af Katli ok þó nauðungar-laust, Sturl. iii. 224: scarcely, mega vér t. at oss gæta, Bs. i. 300; mátti hann t. bera þau úhægindi, 318.

3. wofully; gékk hón t. á tái sitja, Gh. 9.

tregligr
Zoëga

a. slow, reluctant (Þ. var heldr ~ í fyrstu);

it tregligasta, with the greatest difficulty.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj.; it tregligasta, with the greatest difficulty, Fb. i. 260; var Þorgils heldr tregligr í fyrstu, Sturl. iii. 222.

TREGR
Zoëga

a. unwilling, reluctant (Hrafn var inn tregasti at bregða flokkinum); tardy, slow (t. til sætta); neut., tregt = tregliga; mun honum þat tregt veita, it will go hard with him.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [O. H. G. tragi; Germ. träg], dragging, slovenly, going with difficulty; sagði at lömbunum væri tregast um átið fyrst er þau væri nýkefld, Eb. 244; tregum otrs-gjöldum, Bm.; opt eru tregar kálf-sugur, Hallgr.; mun honum þat tregt veita, it will go hard with him, Rd. 276; tregt hefir féit út greiðzk, Fb. ii. 123.

2. unwilling; Þórir gékk at eldinum ok var þó tregr til, Fms. i. 106; at þú haldir því betr helga trú sem þú ert tregari til, ii. 32; t. til sætta, Bs. i. 658; at Sverrir konungr mundi tregr at ganga út ór tréborginni, Fms. viii. 113: vórn margir tregir til, at segja af hendi sér, Bs. i. 686; ó þér heimskir og tregir í hjarta, Luke xxiv. 25.

treg-róf
Zoëga

n. tale of woe.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a lamentation, Gh. 21.

trekt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a funnel, (mod.)

Trekt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a local name, Utrecht, Bs.

tresk
Zoëga

n. hair, tresses (poet.).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n.(?), a doubtful word, a veil (?), cushion, pillow, or the like; svá at tár flugu tresk (tresc Ed.) í gögnum, Gkv. i. 16 (where the tresk seems to be acc., the tears flew through the t.)

TREYJA
Zoëga

f.

1) jerkin (fara í treyju);

2) war-jacket (hann hafði góða brynju ok styrkja treyju).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [Dan. tröje], a jerkin; fór í treyju ok kipti skóm á fætr sér, Nj. 28; treyja með kaprúni af skrúði, Jb. 187; hann hafdi hvárki brynju né treyju, Sturl. i. 197; hann hjó á öxl Oddi, gengu í sundr treyjur tvær, ok brynjan lúðisk, iii. 205; vóru þrír tigir manna í hringa-brynjum ok tvær treyjur með, 184; hann hafði góða brynju ok styrkja treyja, Fms. ix. 527; Aron var í síðri treyju ok góðri stálhúfu, Bs. i. 624; græn treyja, D. N. iii. 160; söðul-treyja, q. v.

COMPDS: treyjuhosa, treyjusöðull.

treyju-hosa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a kind of hose; svá at sundr tók treyju-hosuna, bryn-hosuna ok svá fótinn, Þiðr. 203.

treyju-söðull

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a kind of saddle = trogsöðull, Grág. ii. 239 (Kb.)

treyna

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

or treina, d, to use sparingly, esp. of food, so as to make it last longer; treyna sér e-t.

treyskr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [Dan. trædsk; Germ. trotz], obstinate; villan treysk, Pass. 50 (from the Dan.?)

TREYSTA
Zoëga

(-sta, -str), v.

1) to make trusty, make strong and safe (Höskuldr treysti mundriða í skildi);

2) to make firm (t. vináttu e-s); t. herinn ok eggja, encourage and exhort the troops;

3) to try the strength of a thing with the hand (hann treysti ‘silkibandit’ með handa-afli ok slitnaði eigi);

4) to trust to, rely on (t. e-m or t. á e-n);

5) to dare, venture (nú er sú öld í Noregi, at ek treysti eigi at halda ykkr hér heima með mér);

6) refl., ~st = ~ 4 (treystust Numidiumenn betr fótum en vápnum); = ~ 5 (hann mun eigi t. öðru en gøra sem ek vil).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, [traust; Dan. trouml;ste = to comfort], to make trusty, make strong and safe; Höskuldr treysti mundriða í skildi, Nj. 66; hann setti þar forráða-menn ok treysti sér fólk, Hkr. i. 84: to confirm, make firm, at treysta vináttu Snorra, Sturl. ii. 260; hann treysti sálu þína, Barl. 94; þá treysta fól hinn heimska svá at hann skal ríkastr vera, Sks. 342; treysta herinn ok eggja, Ó. H. 214; t. heilsu hans, Greg. 49; treystr með holdi ok blóði Guðs, Fms. xi. 38; várir menn þurfu nú at þér treystið þá, viii. 317.

2. to try the strength of a thing with the hand; Egill færðisk við ok treysti stafinn (grasped firmly) til þess er upp losnaði, Eg. 233; hann treysti með handa-afli ok slitnaði silki-bandit eigi, Edda 20; ganga at ásendunum ok t. svá fast, at brotnaði, Ld. 280; tók ek þá til, treysta ek á sem ek orkaða, gat ek honum þá fram kipt, … tók ek í hendr Böðvari, treysta ek þá af öllu afli …, Fb. ii. 136; treysta nú á timbr-veggina svá brakar í hverju tré, Grett. 99; treystu síðan á ásinn, til þess er hann brast í sundr, 154; fór hann þá ok treysti á sira Þorlák með alvarligri bæn, Bs. i. 269.

II. reflex. to trust to, rely upon; …

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treystir

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a strengthener. Lex. Poët.

TRÉ
Zoëga

(pl. tré, gen. trjá, dat. trjám), n.

1) tree (höggva t. í skógi); eigi felir t. við it fyrsta högg, the tree falls not at the first stroke;

2) the mast of a ship, = siglutré (á skipi Munans brotnaði ~it);

3) tree, rafter, beam, cf. þvertré;

4) the seat of a privy.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n., gen. trés, dat. acc. tré; pl. tré, gen. trjá; spelt treo, Stj. 14, 74, Barl. 138; dat. trjám; with the article tré-it, mod. tréð; [Ulf. triu = ξύλον; A. S. treow; Engl. tree; Dan. træ; Swed. trä, träd, the d representing the article; in Germ. this word is lost, or only remains in compds, see apaldr]:—a tree, Lat. arbor; askrinn er allra trjá mestr, Edda 10; hamra, hörga, skóga, vötn, tré ok öll önnur blót, Fms. v. 239; höggva upp tré, Gullþ. 50; rætr eins trés, Fms. x. 219; höggva tré í skógi, Grág. ii. 296, Glúm. 329; milli trjá tveggja, 656 B. 4; lauf af tré, Fs. 135; barr af limum trés þess, er …, Edda; tvau tré, Ask ok Emblu, id.; ymr it aldna tré, Vsp.: of trees used as gallows, ef ek sé á tré uppi, váfa virgil-ná, Hm. 158; skolla við tré, Fms. vii. (in a verse); cp. the Swed. allit. galge ok gren: hence of the cross, 655 xvi. A. 2, Fms. vi. 227, Vídal. passim; and so in mod. eccl. writers. Sayings, eigi fellr tré við it fyrsta högg, the tree falls not at the first stroke, Nj. 224; falls er ván at fornu tré, of a person old and on the verge of the grave, Ísl. ii. 415; tré tekr at hníga ef höggr tág undan, Am. …

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tréna
Zoëga

(að), v. to become hard and woody, of a tree or plant-stem.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to become woody, dry, Edda (pref.) 11, Fms. ii. 179, v. l.; in mod. usage of turnips or the like.

Trinitatis

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

[Lat. gen.], Trinity-Sunday; in Trinitatis-dagr, Fms. ix. 340, Vm., and so in mod. usage; fyrsti, annar … sunnudagr eptir Trinitatis, Icel. Almanack.

tripl

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. treble, Alg.: tripla, að, to chant in treble tunes, Bs. i. 847.

trippi
Zoëga

n. a young colt (ótamit t.).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [cp. Engl. to trip], a young colt before it is broken in, Fas. i. 9: freq. in mod. usage, ótamið trippi.

trítill

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [Dan. trilde], a top.

trítla

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [Dan. trilde], to trot at a slow pace; cp. Dan. trilde-bör = a wheel-barrow.

tríza

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(proncd. tríssa), u, f. [mid. Lat. tricca], a pull (?); hann sér at í berginu vóru steinar sem tríza væri gör, Róm. 148: in mod. usage = Dan. tridse.

trjóna
Zoëga

f.

1) snout;

2) pole.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [Dan. tryne; trana and trjóna seem to be akin]:—a snout, Lat. rostrum, Fms. vi. 143 (of a serpent); með gínandum trjónum, Landn. 257 (Hb.): of a hammer, trjónu-tröll, the ‘snout-ogress,’ of the hammer of Thor, Haustl.: of projecting land, Selmeina trjóna, the ness of Selund, i. e. Zealand, Hkr. i. (in a verse).

2. of a pole; harðar trjónur, Gs. 17; var þá ok veift af hverju skipi trjónum (or = trjánum from tré?), Þorf. Karl. 424; tjald-trjóna, a tent-frame, Sturl. i. 147, 148.

troð

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a treading, trampling; ef fellr í nauta-troð, if trampled down by cattle, N. G. L. i. 379.

TROÐA
Zoëga

(treð; trað, tráðum; troðinn), v.

1) to tread; t. skó, to wear out shoes; t. e-n undir fótum, to tread one under foot; t. stafkarlsstíg, to wander as a beggar;

2) to cram, pack, stuff (into a receptacle), with dat. (þér var í hanzka troðit);

3) to slop, cram with, t. e-t e-u (hann treðr belginn lyngvi ok mosa);

4) refl., ~st, to throng, crowd upon each other (troðist eigi svá ákaft).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

pres. treð, treðr, older form trøðr; tröðz, Grág. ii. 285: pret. trað, tratt (traðst), trað, pl. tráðu (mod. tróð, tróðst, pl. tróðu): subj. trœði; imperat. troð, troddú; part. troðinn: [Ulf. trudan = πατειν. τρυγαν, Luke vi. 44; A. S. trêdan; Engl. tread; Germ. treten; Swed. tråda; Dan. træde]:—to tread; vegr er vetki treyðr, Hm. 120; at vegrinn væri troðinn, beaten. Eg. 578; t. stafkarls-stíg, to tread a beggar’s path, Fms. vi. 304; troða skó, to ‘tread shoes,’ wear them out, Eb. 20; troðnir í sundr tvennir skór, Skíða R. 193; troða villu-stigu, Barl. 29; troða halir helveg, Vsp. 52; manna þeirra er mold troða, Fm. 23; troða goðveg, Hdl. 5; aur tráðu vér áðan, Fms. vi. (in a verse); ek trað hauðr um heiði hundvillr, Eb. (in a verse); hlynbjörn trað Áta jörð, Orkn. (in a verse); nú treðr þú mik undir fótum, Nj. 82; hann trað járnin, Fms. xi. 38; trað nipt Nara náttverð ara, Höfuðl.; reyks rösuðr trað Ingjald, Ýt.; mara trað hann, … trað hon fótleggina, Hkr. i. 20; tráðu (tróðu Ed.) þeir sér gadd hjá brekkunni, Fms. ix. 490, (tráðu, Fb. iii. 139, l. c.); niðr-troðinn ok svívirðr, Fms. x. 305; troða niðr dauðann, to beat down under one’s feet, Niðrst. …

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troðningr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a crowded throng:—a beaten truck.

troð-fullr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. choke-full, of animals, also of a bag.

TROG
Zoëga

n. trough (t. fyllt af slátri).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [A. S. trog; Engl. trough and tray: Dan. trug], a trough, Edda 31 (slátr-trog); sá ek konur tvær, þær höfðu trog í milli sín, ok jósu blóði héraðit allt, Glúm. 376; ljá sér trogs at sælda mjöl, Greg. 58; troll-kona, hón hafði í annarri hendi trog en annarri skálm, Grett. 140, Hkr. iii. 150; var sem trogi væri hvelft á síðurnar, Bs. i. 330; trogs-brot, Greg. 59; rjóma-trog or mjolkr-trog, a milk-trough in which the milk is kept for cream; renna úr trogunum, to pour out the milk so that the cream remains; slátr-trog, a meat-trough.

trog-söðull
Zoëga

m. trough-shaped saddle (hann hafði fornan trogsöðul).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a kind of pummel-formed saddle, Eb. 34.

TROLL
Zoëga

n.

1) a monstrous, evil-disposed being, not belonging to the human race (hann var mikill sem t.); t. hafi þik, or þína vini, the ~s take thee, or thy friends;

2) a human being having the nature of a ~.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n., the later but erroneous form is tröll; the rhymes require it to be troll; thus, troll and ollu, Fms. vi. 339; troll and kollr, Sturl. ii. 136 (a ditty); troll and sollinn, Rekst., Landn. 212 (in a verse); and so spelt in old vellums, trollz, Vsp. (Kb.) 39; in later vellums tröll, Mar. 1055; and so rhymed, tröll, öll, Mkv.: [Dan.-Swed. trold; Low Germ. droll, whence the mod. Dan. drollen; cp. also trylla and Dan. trylde = to charm, bewitch]

A. A giant, fiend, demon, a generic term. The heathen creed knew of no ‘devil’ but the troll; in mod. Dan. trold includes any ghosts, goblins, imps, and puny spirits, whereas the old Icel. troll conveys the notion of huge creatures, giants, Titans, mostly in an evil, but also in a good sense; Þórr var farinn í Austrveg at berja troll, Edda; þar mátti engi maðr úti vera fyrir trolla-gangs sakir ok meinvætta, Ó. H. 187; et mat þinn, troll, Fas. iii. 178; trolla þing, ii. 131; trolla-þáttr, Fms. x. 330; maðr mikill sem troll, Eg. 408; hann var mikill vexti sem troll, Gísl. 132; hár sem tröll að líta, Ülf. 7. 13.

2. …

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trolla-gangr
Zoëga

m. troll-hauntings.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a troll-haunt, Grett. 148 new Ed., Fms. ii. 185, x. 330, Ó. H. 187.

trolla-grös

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl., botan. lichen rangiferinus, Hjalt.

trolla-hlað

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a troll’s building, Cyclopic works, a giant’s causeway.

trolla-saga

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a tale of giants and trolls, with the notion of coarse and vulgar fiction.

trolla-slagr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the name of a song, see Lex. Runic.

trolla-urt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., botan. ‘troll’s-wort,’ louse-wort, rhinanthus pedicularis, Hjalt.

trolla-þáttr
Zoëga

m. a tale of trolls.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. an episode, a tale of trolls, Fms. x. 330.

trolla-þing
Zoëga

n. meeting of trolls.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a meeting of trolls, Fas. ii. 131.

trolli

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a nickname, Landn. (cp. Dan. Herluf Trolle); whence in local names, Trolla-tunga, Landn.

2. a huge horse is called Trolli.

trolls-hamr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a troll’s shape, Vsp.

trolls-háttr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a kind of metre, Edda (Ht.)

trolls-liga
Zoëga

adv. fiendishly.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. fiendishly, Nj. 181, Fs. 43.

trolls-ligr
Zoëga

a. troll-like, huge.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. huge, but also fiendish, Eb. 314; úgæfusamligr, harðligr ok trollsligr, gaunt and fiendish, Nj. 181; skessa há ok digr ok at öllu trollslig, Fb. i. 258; t. var sú tönnin ein, huge, gaunt, Skíða R.

trolls-læti
Zoëga

n. pl. fiendish howlings (þetta eru ~).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. fiendish howlings, as of one possessed by the evil trolls, Eb. 318.

troll-aukinn
Zoëga

pp. ‘troll-eked’, possessed by a troll.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. ‘troll-eked,’ possessed by a troll, but only in heathen sense = hamramr, epithet of a werewolf; Þorgrímr var tröll-aukinn ok tók þó Kristni, Landn. (Hb.) 45, Fms. iii. 195.

troll-dómligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. belonging to witchcraft, Bær. 19.

troll-dómr
Zoëga

m. witchcraft.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [Dan. trolddom], witchcraft. Stj. 101: monstrosity, Mar. 105. 5.

troll-karl
Zoëga

m. male troll.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a giant, a male troll, Fas. iii. 178.

troll-kerling
Zoëga

f. female troll.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. = trollkona. Fas. ii. 519.

troll-kona
Zoëga

f. female troll.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a giantess, Fs. 145, Fb. i. 257, Grett. 140, Edda 53, Fas. ii. 151, Sturl. iii. 304: sendi drottning eptir Sturlu, bað hann koma til sín, ok hafa með sér tröllkonu-söguna, 305, passim.

troll-kyndr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. of ‘troll-kind,’ Ýt.

troll-marr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a ‘troll-steed,’ i. e. a wolf, Hallfred.

troll-menni
Zoëga

n. a giant-like man.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a giant-like man, Finnb. 344, Fas. iii. 259, 285.

troll-riða
Zoëga

a. indecl. ridden by a troll, witch-ridden.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. ridden by a troll, witch-ridden; yxn þeir er Þórólfr var ekinn á urðu trollriða. Eb. 172.

troll-skapr
Zoëga

m. nature of a troll, witchcraft (tálma heiðingjans trollskap).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = trolldómr, the being a troll; eigi er þat trollskapr at maðr þoli sár, Ísl. ii. 365, Fs. 43: witchery, berja grjóti í hel fyrir fjölkyngi ok trollskap, Landn. 236; hann verr hauginn með trollskap, Gullþ. 6, Karl. 241.

troll-skessa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. = trollkona.

troll-volkaðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. witch-ridden, = trollriða.

TROS
Zoëga

n. leaves and small twigs.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. droppings, rubbish, leaves and twigs from a tree picked up and used for fuel; en er Páll samnaði trosum til elds, 656 C. 22; mik grunar at tros nokkor af kvistunum félli í höfuð mér, Edda 30; cp. ó-tros. rubbish; ótrosa-lýðr, ragamuffins.

trosna

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to ‘fall into tros,’ split up, of a seam or the like.

trossa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a truss of nets, a fisherman’s term.

TRÓÐ
Zoëga

n. faggot-wood.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. fagot-wood; bæði timbr ok tróð, D. N. i. 657; bæði tróð ok sperru, iii. 669; tráðusk þær und þungu tróði, Þd.; glóð var föst í tróði, Fms. vi. 340 (in a verse).

2. in mod. usage tróð and tróðviðr mean the fagots stuffed in between the thatch and the rafters.

tróða
Zoëga

f. faggot-wood.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. = tróð; eyri fyrir tróðu hverja ok svá fyrir næfra-kimbul hvern, N. G. L. i. 101; remains in the compd mæni-tróða.

2. in poetry tróða is freq. in circumlocutions describing women, auð-tróða, gulls-tróða, menja-tróða, see Edda, Lex. Poët.

tróð-högg

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. the cutting of fagot-wood; timbr-högg ok tróð-högg, D. N. iii. 237.

tróð-næfr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. bark used for thatching (see næfr), Eg. 238.

tróð-viðr
Zoëga

m. = tróð (eldrinn las skjótt tróðviðinn).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = tróð; eldrinn las skjótt tróðviðinn, Eg. 238, 239.

Trója

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. Troy: Tróju-land, n. the land of Troy: Tróju-menn, m. pl. the men of Troy: Tróverskr, adj. Trojan, Rb., Fms. ix. 416, Bret. 62.

truff

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. trumpery, Thom. 40, 76.

trumba
Zoëga

I)

f.

1) pipe; hvann-njóla t., the stalk of the angelica;

2) trumpet (þeyta trumbu).

II)

(að), v. to trumpet.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. u, f. a pipe; veita þagat vatni í leyniligum trumbum, Hom. 131; hvann-jóla trumba, the stalk of the angelica, Fms. ii. 179.

2. a trumpet; umb sá er þýtr í trumbu, Fms. viii. (in a verse); blása trumbum, Karl. 180; þeyta trumbu, 157; ljósta trumbum, 236; trumbu-þytr, Fas. i. 503; trumbu-hljóð, Hom. 68. trumbu-bein, n. a nickname, Landn. 255.

2. að, to trumpet, Sks. 779. Matth. xiv. 6.

trunsa
Zoëga

(að), v. to turn up one’s nose at (t. víð e-u).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to turn up one’s nose at; t. við e-u, Fas. i. 54.

trunt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a shouting; trunt, trunt! og tröllin í fjöllunum, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 193.

trutta
Zoëga

(að), v. to shout trutt, trutt! or trrrh, as horse-drivers do.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to shout trutt trutt! or trrrh, as shepherds or horse-drivers do; tauta eðr trutta, Fms. viii. 234 (v. l.), Fb. ii. 619; smalar trutta og takka, þá teygja þeir með sér rakka, Hallgr.

trú
Zoëga

(gen. trúar), f.

1) faith, word of honour (segir Ólafr þat upp á t. sína, at hann skal þessa menn út leysa);

2) religious faith, belief (Helgi var blandinn mjök í t.); taka við t., to receive the Christian faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., see trúa.

trúa
Zoëga

I)

(gen. trú), f. = trú; svá njóta ek trú minnar, þat veit trúa mín, in good sooth, upon my word.

II)

(trúi, trúða, trúat), v.

1) to believe, with dat. (mundir þú t. fyrirburð þessum, ef Njáll segði þér?);

2) in a religious sense, to believe; t. á e-n, to believe in (t. á einn guð);

3) to believe in, trust (meyjar orðum skýli manngi t.).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., gen., dat., and acc. trú, like frú (q. v.), but without plur.; this is the old form, whence comes the contr. nom. trú, and later even a gen. trúar, which is prevalent in mod. usage; the gen. trúar occurs in vellums, Barl. 151. l. 16, Fs. 103 (from the Arna-Magn. No. 132), and Skálda (in a verse); so also passim in Post. S. Edit. C.R.Unger, 1872; the old bissyll. form still occurs in the Icel. N. T., ó þú kona, mikil er þín trúa, Matt. xv. 28: [Dan. troe; A. S. treowe]:—trust, belief; segja upp á trú sína, Fms. xi. 285; þeir sögðusk vildu tala við hann með trú, 400; rjúfa trú sína, 356; ok gáfu þar til trú sína, Fas. ii. 540; svá sem trúa þeirra öðlask, Blas. 50: as an oath, þat veit trúa mín, upon my word! by my troth! Edda 25, Bær. 2; þat er mín trúa, at …, Edda 5; svá njóta ek trú minnar, by my troth! i. 130.

II. faith, belief, in a theological sense; Helgi var blandinn mjök í trú, þann trúði á Krist, en hét á Þór til sjófara ok harðræða, Landn. 206; taka við trú, to receive the Christian faith, Nj. 158, 162; at trúa þessi skuli við gangask, id.; ung er nú trúan, Valla L. 209, Lil. 34; at sú var sönn trúa, Fms. …

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TRÚA
Zoëga

I)

(gen. trú), f. = trú; svá njóta ek trú minnar, þat veit trúa mín, in good sooth, upon my word.

II)

(trúi, trúða, trúat), v.

1) to believe, with dat. (mundir þú t. fyrirburð þessum, ef Njáll segði þér?);

2) in a religious sense, to believe; t. á e-n, to believe in (t. á einn guð);

3) to believe in, trust (meyjar orðum skýli manngi t.).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

trúi (monosyll. trý, Str. 46, l. 17), pret. trúði; subj. trýði (thus rhymed, lýði, trýði, Bs. ii. 308, in a poem of A. D. 1540, but the mod. form is tryði with a short vowel); imperat. trú, trúðu; part. trúað: [Ulf. trauan = πεποιθέναι; A. S. treowian; Engl. trow; Germ. trauen; Dan.-Swed. troe, tro]:—to trow, believe; seg þú frá, Njáll, segir Gunnarr, þvíat allir munu því trúa, Nj. 51; mundir þú trúa fyrirburð þessum ef Njáll segði þér eða ek?—Trúa munda ek, segir hann, ef Njáll segði, þvíat þat er sagt, at hann ljúgi aldri, 119; henni var trúað sem góðri konu, Sks. 457; trúa megit þér mér þar um, at …, Fms. ii. 241; vilið þér mér ei til þess trúa, sem talað hefig um búskap lands, Bb. 3. 100; mant þú trúa mér bezt til órræða um þitt mál, Nj. 12; engu öðru því er mér er til trúat, 112; ek trúi honum til þess bezt allra manna, Eg. 34: imperat. as adv., tíminn líðr, trúðu mér, trow once! forsooth! a ditty; trú mér til, depend on it! trúi-eg, I trow, Skíða R. 34, 35; eg trú ‘ann sé dáinn, freq. in mod. usage.

2. in a religious sense, to believe, with dat., or trúa á e-n, to believe in; …

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trúaðr
Zoëga

pp. believing; rétt t., orthodox; trúaðir menn, believers.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. believing; hón var skírð ok vel trúuð, Landn. 111; rétt-trúaðr, orthodox (in a good sense); öllum góðum mönnum ok rétt trúuðum, Fms. i. 229; ekki var hann mjök trúaðr at sið þeirra, 154; van-trúaðr, unbelieving; vert eigi vantrúaðr, heldr trúaðr, John xx. 27.

trúan-ligr
Zoëga

a. credible (þótti mönnum sú sögn trúanlig).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. credible, Fms. i. 293, Magn. 448; ú-trúanligr.

trúari
Zoëga

m. believer.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a believer, Fms. v. 219.

trúar-bót

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. id., Skálda 203 (in a verse; the flow of the line, however, shews that it should be trú-bót, a dissyllable).

trúar-játning

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a confession, creed, in an ecci. sense.

trúar-níðingr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. an apostate.

trúar-villa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. heresy.

trúðr
Zoëga

(pl. -ar), m. juggler.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [A. S. trúð; a word of doubtful origin, but it is old and occurs in a verse of Hornklofi, also in a verse of the beginning of the 11th century, and as a nickname in Dropl. of a person who lived in the middle of the 10th century]:—a juggler, Grág. ii. 84; inn í búð at trúðum, Nj. (in a verse); both passages refer to the jugglers at the alþing; einn snápligr trúðr, Stj. 505; at leikurum ok trúðum hefig þik lítt fregit, Hornklofi; leikarar ok trúðar vóru margir í herinum, Pr. 132: as a nickname, Ánn trúðr, Dropl.

trúlig-leiki

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. = trúleikr, Nj. 260.

trúnaðar-eiðr
Zoëga

m. oath of allegiance.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. an oath of allegiance, Fms. ii. 127, vi. 53, ix. 48, Gþl. 69.

trúnaðar-hylli
Zoëga

f. allegiance.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. allegiance, Landn. (App.) 340.

trúnaðar-kona
Zoëga

f. confidante.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a female confidant, Bs. i. 627.

trúnaðar-maðr
Zoëga

m. confidant.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a confidant. Fms. i. 66, 113, Ld. 167, Sks. 361.

trúnaðar-tómr
Zoëga

a. void of faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. toom (Scot. for empty), void of faith, Al. 46.

trúnaðar-traust
Zoëga

n. protection, security.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. protection, security; veita e-m t., Bs. i. 728: full confidence, trust.

trúnaðar-váttr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., for definition see Grág. i. 42.

trúnaðar-vinr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a confidential friend, Fms. vii. 279.

trúnaðr
Zoëga

(gen. -ar), m.

1) trust, good faith (var þetta sáttmáí bundit með fullum trúnaði); ganga í trúnað fyrir e-n, to become bound for another, go security for one;

2) faithfulness (halda man ek við þik fullum trúnaði);

3) trust, confidence; festa, leggja trúnað á e-t, to give credence to; eiga trúnað undir e-m, to have confidence (faith) in one; hafa trúnað á e-m, to place confidence in one;

4) confidence, secret; til hvers reiðt þú til þings, ef þú vill eigi segja mér trúnað þinn, if thou wilt not tell me thy secret; segja e-m e-t af trúnaði, in confidence, secretly; mæla trúnað fyrir e-m, to speak in confidence to one.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [trúa], trust, good faith; halda mun ek við þik mínum trúnaði til dauða-dags, Nj. 109; halda trúnað við e-n, Fms. vi. 53; var þetta sáttmál bundit með fullum trúnaði, i. 57, vii. 280; veita e-m traust ok trúnað, vi. 19; skipta trúnaði sínum, Al. 46; draga hann frá konungs trúnaði, allegiance, Sturl. iii. 142: selja e-m sinn trúnað, Fb. ii. 285; ganga í trúnað fyrir e-n, to become bound for another, Fms. xi. 356; eiga trúnað undir e-m, x. 103; eigi þótti mér goðin göra af trúnaði brúna, i. e. they built it not sufficiently strong, Edda 8.

2. trust, confidence, belief; festa, leggja trúnað á e-t, to give credence to, believe, Eg. 51, Ld. 204; til hvers reitt þú til þings ef þú vill eigi segja mér trúnað þinn, if thou wilt not open thy heart to me, Nj. 11; þeir einir menn eru hér at hverr veit annars trúnað, 226; trúnað ok leyndar-mál, Fb. i. 64; þeir menn er vestan komu ok helzt mæltu trúnað fyrir honum, spoke in confidence to him, Orkn.; þér mun ek segja trúnað minn, I will open my heart to thee, Fær. 248; hann átti trúnað (secret information) í hvers þeirra herbergi, Ld. 176: af trúnaði, in confidence, secretly; …

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trúr
Zoëga

(trú, trútt), a.

1) true, faithful (t. skal ek þér í ráðum);

2) safe; er eigi trútt, at, it is not quite safe that, quite free from it (er eigi trútt, at mér hafi eigi í skap runnit sonar-dauð-inn);

3) believing (t. á guð).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

trú, trútt, adj., compar. trúri, trústr or trúastr; [Dan. tro]:—true, faithful; trúr skal ek þér í ráðum, Nj. 75; ef þú vilt mér trúr vera, Þorst. St. 54; hefir þú lengi verit trúr oss frændum, Ld. 320, Fs. 90; þat er ráð mitt at þú sér trúr konungi þínum, Fms. i. 145; undir-hyggju-maðr ok meðal-lagi trúr, iv. 198; eigi var Magnús trúr, viii. 314: trusty, safe, enn trúasti hlífskjöldr, Hom. 72; trútt traust, Stj. 647; at eigi mundi allt trútt vera, Fms. viii. 337 v. l.; at hón væri trú ok örugg fyrir bergrisum, Edda 25: trúr á Guð, believing in God, Hom. 109; þeir vóru eigi trúir at því (not free from) at þeir færi eigi með danza-görð, Sturl. iii. 80: er eigi trútt, at mér hafi eigi í skap runnit sonar-dauðinn, Þorst. St. 55; ó-trúr, unfaithful.

trúss

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [Engl. truss], a trussed-up bundle, only of vile things, of a beggar’s wallet, Skíða R. 28, 42, 199.

trú-boð
Zoëga

n. preaching the gospel.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a preaching the gospel, as a missionary, Fms. ii. 31.

trú-bót
Zoëga

f. reformation in faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a reformation in faith, H. E. i. 584.

trú-brögð
Zoëga

n. pl. religion.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(mod. trúar-brögð), n. pl. religion, Magn. 442, Fms. ii. 256, Orkn. 140.

trú-bundinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. bound in truth, Fr.

trú-fastliga
Zoëga

adv. faithfully.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. faithfully, Fms. ix. 485, x. 370.

trú-fastr
Zoëga

a.

1) trusty;

2) firm in the Christian faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [A. S. treowe-fast; Old Engl. true-fast; Dan. troe-fast]:—truthful, faithful, of belief: trusty, Bs. i. 392; hann var maðr trúfastr ok vel siðaðr, Eg. 770; vitr kona ok trúföst, Blas. 50: as a nickname of the English king Athelstan, Eg. 265, Fms. i. 15.

trú-festa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, to pledge one’s faith, Str. 46.

trú-festi
Zoëga

f. faithfulness, firmness in faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. faithfulness, firmness in faith, Játv. ch. 4.

trú-fylgja
Zoëga

f. observance of the faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. the observance of the faith, religious observance, Hom. 108.

trú-girni

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. credulity.

trú-gjarn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. credulous.

trú-góðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. religions, sound in the faith, Bs. i.

trú-hald
Zoëga

n. observance of the faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. observance, rites of faith, Fms. ii. 31, MS. 655 xxvii. 18.

trú-kona
Zoëga

f. a religious, devoted woman.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a religious, devoted woman, Ld. 328, Bs. i. 438.

trú-lauss
Zoëga

a.

1) without religious faith;

2) infidel.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. infidel, Grett. 111, Greg. 71, MS. 673 A. 46.

trú-leikr
Zoëga

m. faithfulness, fidelity.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. (-leiki, a, m.), faithfulness, fidelity, Al. 104, Nj. 62, Eg. 50, 65; í öllum trúleika ok þjónustu við yðr, Fms. vi. 36.

trú-leysi
Zoëga

n. infidelity.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. infidelity, Hom., Barl. 145, Fb. i. 36.

trú-liga
Zoëga

adv. faithfully.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. faithfully, Nj. 62, 146, Hrafn. 28, Sks. 705, Hom. 37, Bs. i. 39, 203, passim.

trú-ligr
Zoëga

a.

1) faithful (trúlig geymsla);

2) safe, to be relied on; veðr er trúligt, the trúweather bids fair;

3) credible.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. faithful; trúlig geymsla, Fms. vii. 25; vináttu ok trú-liga fylgð, Eb. 45 new Ed.: safe, to be relied on, veðr er trúligt, the weather bids fair, 53 new Ed.; þótti honum þeir ekki trúligir, Eg. 538; at engum várum bræðrum þykki trúligt (safe) at sitja undir hendi þeim Þrændum, Fms. i. 53; ekki friðsamligt ok ekki mjök trúligt, Ó. H. 173; ú-trúligr, veðr ú-trúligt, suspicious weather, Vápn. 11; þeir munu vera ú-trúligir, Nj. 102, Fms. xi. 249, Lv. 62: credible, likely, ú-trúligr, incredible, Edda 2, Fms. x. 307, Sks. 138.

trú-lofa
Zoëga

(að), v.

1) to pledge one’s faith;

2) to betroth (~ sér konu).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to pledge one’s faith, = lofa á sína trú, Mar., H. E. i. 483, ii. 111.

2. to betroth; trúlofa sér konu, D. N. i. 160.

trú-lofan
Zoëga

f.

1) pledging one’s faith;

2) betrothment, of lovers.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. the pledging one’s faith, N. G. L. iii. 124, 148.

2. betrothment, of lovers, Fas. ii. 69, H. E. ii. 111.

trú-lyndi
Zoëga

n. faithfulness.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. faithfulness, truth, Fms. i. 305, Sturl. i. 57; í allri t., Stj. 488; traust ok t., Mar.

trú-lyndr
Zoëga

a. faithful, true, trusty.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. faithful, true, trusty, Nj. 83, Fs. 10, Fms. i. 141, ix. 230, xi. 246, Stj. 433, Matth. xxv. 21, passim.

trú-maðr
Zoëga

m. a true believer, good Christian.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a true believer, good Christian, Fms. viii. 238, ix. 531, Sturl. i. 126, Vídal. passim.

trú-mennska

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. faithfulness.

trú-mikill
Zoëga

a. strong in faith, believing.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. strong in faith, believing, Fms. viii. 410; trúmestr, Bs. i. 526.

trú-orð

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a word of faith, creed, Sturl. i. 34.

trú-rof
Zoëga

n. breach of faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a breach of faith, Karl. 151.

trú-rækinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. religious, Fms. ii. 163, Þorf. Karl. 174, Fs. 185.

trú-rækni

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. piety.

trú-skapr
Zoëga

m. faithfulness.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = trúleikr, Fms. v. 24, Fs. 18.

trú-skjöldr
Zoëga

m. shield of faith.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the shield of faith, Mart. 121.

trú-verk

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a work of faith, 645. 111.

trygðarofs-maðr
Zoëga

m. truce-breaker.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a truce-breaker, Nj. 102.

trygða-eiðr
Zoëga

m. oath of fidelity.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. an oath of fidelity; vinna t. at því at eigi sé undirmál við hann, Grág. ii. 21.

trygða-festa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a pledge of faith, Str. 32.

trygða-kaup

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a giving truce, safe conduct, N. G. L. i. 310.

trygða-maðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a man of good faith, Odd. 2: one with whom one is at truce, þat er níðings-verk ef maðr vegr trygða-mann sinn, N. G. L. ii. 50 (v. l. 26).

trygða-mál
Zoëga

n. pl. formula for making a truce.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. a formula for making a truce, Grág. Vígsl. ch. 113 (ii. 168, cp. Ísl. ii. 300).

trygða-rof
Zoëga

n. breach of truce.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. a breach of truce.

tryggð

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. [Ulf. renders διαθήκη by triggwa; A. S. treowð; Engl. truth; hence mid. Lat. treuga; Engl. truce]:—faith, good faith, trustiness, as of a friend; trú og trygð.

2. as a law term, esp. in plur., plighted faith, truce; eiða svarða, unnar trygðir, Skv. 3. 20; griðum ok trygðum, N. G. L. ii. 50; gengu til ok veittu Gunnari trygðir, Nj. 88; svíkja e-n í trygð or trygðum, to betray one in time of truce, Hkr. i. (in a verse), Ld. 8; Hrafn son þinn sveik hann í trygðum, Ísl. ii. 272; hvat skal hans trygðum trúa, Hm. 110; ú-trygð, falseness, perfidy.

COMPDS: trygðaeiðr, trygðafesta, trygðakaup, trygðamaðr, trygðamál, trygðarof, trygðarofsmaðr.

tryggð-rofi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a truce-breaker, Gþl. 27, 198. trygðrofa-maðr, m. id., Gþl. 198.

trygging
Zoëga

f. security, assurance.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. security, assurance, D. N. i. 82: freq. in mod. usage.

tryggi-liga

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. faithfully, Sks. 33.

tryggja
Zoëga

(-ða, -ðr), v. to make firm and trusty (trygðu þeir Þórir þá sættir með sér).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

and tryggva, ð, to make firm and trusty; at þeir tryggvi sættir sínar, Ó. H. 90; trygðu þeir Þórir þá sættir með sér, Eg. 169; þá frændr mundi seint at tryggja, 227; aldrei verðr tóan tryggð, a saying; or aldrei tryggist tóa, þó tekin sé úr henni róa, Hallgr.; er ek hræðumk at oss hafi ekki vel tryggt hafnirnar, Fms. viii. 328: to ensure, skeyta ok t., hón (the estate) var tryggð ok skeytt undir mik ok minn ættlegg, N. G. L. ii. 99, Munk. 79; t. e-m eign, D. N. i. 80; tryggja trygðir, N. G. L. ii: tor-t., q. v.

TRYGGR
Zoëga

(acc. -van and -an), a.

1) trusty, faithful, true (t. í trúnaði);

2) without apprehension, safe (jötnum þótti eigi tryggt at vera með Ásum griðalaust).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj., before a vowel tryggvan and tryggan; it was even sounded with i, as in Gothic, as is seen from rhymes, trigglaust þriggja, Haustl.; [Ulf. triggvs = πιστός]:—trusty, faithful, true; tryggr vinr, Ad. 10; trygg ok góð kona, Str. 15; t. höfðingi, Sks. 456; t. í trúnaði, Fms. vi. 52; þá mun fár vera tryggr, viii. 314; at eigi myndi allt tryggt vera, ix. 337; trygg ok staðföst ást, Str. 26; þú enn góði þræll ok inn tryggi, Hom. (St.); tryggr vinum ok frændum, Fs. 23.

2. unconcerned, Dan. tryg; verðit maðr svá tryggr at þessu trúi öllu, Hm. 88; var-at þat tryggt né ógnlaust, Ad. 5; jötnum þótti eigi tryggt at vera með Ásum griða-laust, Edda 25.

tryggva-kaup

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= trygða-kaup, N. G. L. i. 81.

tryggva-váttr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., -vitni, n. a faithful witness, N. G. L. i. 223.

Tryggvi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a pr. name, the Faithful, Fms. i. (Ólafr Tryggvason); Sig-tryggr, Ú-tryggr, Tor-tryggr, Landn.

trygg-lauss

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. truceless, treacherous, Haustl.

trygg-leikr
Zoëga

m. = trúleikr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. faithfulness, N. G. L. ii. 399, Sks. 457.

trygg-liga
Zoëga

adv. safe.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. faithfully, H. E. i. 561, Sks. 705, Sól. 20.

trygg-ligr
Zoëga

a. = tryggiligr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. trustworthy, reliable, Fas. iii. 269; ú-tryggligr.

trygg-rofi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. = trygðrofi, N. G. L. i. 13, 106, K. Á. 62, Barl. 181.

trygg-vinr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a trusty friend, Skálda (in a verse).

trygill
Zoëga

m. a little trough.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., dimin. [trog], a little trough, tray, Ísl. ii. 350; blót-t., grautar-t., q. v.

TRYLLA
Zoëga

(-da, -dr), v.

1) to turn into troll, enchant (þeir trylldu hann svá at hann var engum mennskum manni líkr);

2) to call one a troll;

3) refl., ~st, to be turned into a troll, to be enchanted.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, [troll; Dan. trylde], to enchant, turn into a troll; blótuðu þeir hann ok trylltu hann svá at hann varð engum mennskum manni líkr, Fas. ii. 242; þú þykki mér troll … ok væri þat svá at virða en trylla menn eigi, thou art a troll … it would be better to put this construction upon it, and not call men trolls, Ísl. ii. 366.

II. reflex. to be turned into a troll, enchanted; ok hafi hann síðan tryllsk ok orðit at ormi, Fms. vi. 143; eigi vitu vér hvárt hann trylltisk dauðr eða kvikr, Gullþ.

2. part. trylldr, charmed; mikill ok mjök trylldr svá at hann var eigi einhamr, Fb. i. 522; svá kann ok verða, at af stundu eru þeir trylldir er áðr vóru blótaðir, … en þó munu vér því næst blótaðir ok síðan trylldir, ii. 7; kettir svartir ok mjök trylldir, Fs. 44: to become mad, furious, demoniac.

tryllska

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. witchery, the being a witch, N. G. L. i. 351.

tryllskr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. bewitched, the being a troll or a witch; ef konu er tryllska kennd, … skal hón hafa til sex kvenna vitni at hón er eigi tryllsk … ekki veldr hón því sjálf at hón er troll. N. G. L. i. 351.

trýju-söðull

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = trogsöðull, Grág. i. 175.

trýni
Zoëga

n. snout (of a dog or bear).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [trjóna], the snout of a dog, Fms. iii. 13; passim in mod. usage, hunds-trýnið; of a bear, Glúm. 330.

trýta
Zoëga

(-tta, -tt), v. to trot about.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, [Ivar Aasen tryta], to growl, murmur; trýtti æ trönu-hvöt, Hðm.; the passage is somewhat corrupt, but the word is still used in Icel.; kerling trýtir æ sem tíðast at bera fyrir Thomam, bróður Christjan, þat er hón hefir bezt til, ertrnar, eplin ok ostana, Thóm. 360.

trýtill

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a bird, Ísl. Þjóðs. ii.

TRÖÐ
Zoëga

(gen. traðar, pl. traðir), f.

1) cattle fold, pen;

2) a lane between fences, leading up to a homestead.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., gen. traðar, pl. traðir; [akin to troða]:—in the Norse, a piece of fallow land where cattle are kept grazing; ef maðr leggr tröð sína við akr eða eng annars manns, þá skal hann hverfa garði gildum um, Gþl. 407; af jörðu skal leggja fjórðung í tröð (trod Cod.), vetrar-myki alla skal reiða í tröð (treðe, v. l.) þar sem ómykjat er … en ef tröð er mykjat, N. G. L. ii. 110 (tröð, tröðin, i. 240, l. c.); this sense remains in ör-tröð, in ganga í ör-tröð, a pasture overcrowded with sheep or cattle.

II. in Icel. sense, a pen for cattle during the night; traðir vóru fyrir ofan garðinn á Hlíðarenda, ok námu þeir þar staðar með flokkinn, Nj. 114; graðungr einn í tröðinni … í því stóra byrgi, sem nauta-hjörð föður hans stóð inni um nætr, Karl. 550; reka fénað lausan í hús inn eða tröð, Jb. 264; þeir menn er sambeit eiga upp á Völl skulu hafa í tröð fé sitt upp frá Ólafs-messu, Vm. 18.

2. in mod. usage, traðir means a lane leading up to the houses, which in old writers is called geil, q. v.; það kemr maðr ríðandi heim traðirnar.

III. in local names, Traðir, Traðar-holt, Landn., Fs.

COMPDS: traðargarðr, traðarlag, traðastaðr. …

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tröf
Zoëga

n. pl. fringes, see traf.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. fringes; see traf.

TRÖLL

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

and compds, see troll.

trönu-beina

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. ‘crane-leg,’ a nickname, Rm.

tuddi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a bull is in the east of Icel. called tuddi: hence a mean fellow: tudda-legr, adj. mean, vile.

tuðra

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. in skinn-tuðra, a flap of skin.

tuft

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., see topt.

TUGGA

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n, f. [tyggja], a chewed mouthful, the word is freq. in mod. usage, but seems not to be found in old prose, although it occurs in poets (in poët. phrases), munins tugga, Gísl., Lex. Poët.

tugla-
Zoëga

gen. pl. from tygill.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see tygull.

tugr
Zoëga

m. = tigr; hafði hann þrjá vetr hins fjórða tugar, he was thirty-three years old.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. ten, decade; as also in tví-tugr; see tigr.

tug-tugti
Zoëga

ord. numb. twentieth, = tuttugti (við tugtugta mann).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

the twentieth, Fb. ii. 469.

tug-tugu

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

twenty, D. N. ii. 67, 172.

tumba
Zoëga

(að), v. to tumble.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [a for. word; Fr. tomber], to tumble, Finnb. 352, Fas. iii. 503; þeir tumba báðir ofan fyrir fönnina, Háv. 9 new Ed.; hann tumbar af hestinum, Mag. 8, Bs. ii. 225, Mar.

Tumi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a pr. name = Thomas, Sturl.

TUNDR
Zoëga

n. tinder (þurrt t.).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [A. S. tynder; Engl. tinder; Germ. zunder; early Dan. tunder; mod. Dan. tönder]:—tinder, Bs. ii. (in a verse), Fms. vii. 192, freq. in mod. usage: tundr-ör, f. a tinder-arrow, a burning shaft hurled in taking possession of land; for this heathen rite see Landn. 3, ch. 8, p. 193; cp. also Fms. vii. 192, where the tinder-arrow has magic power, like silver-buttons in mod. tales.

tundra
Zoëga

(að), v. to catch fire (eldrinn ~ði skjótt).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to ‘tinder,’ catch fire; eldrinn tundraði skjótt, Fas. i. 83.

TUNGA
Zoëga

(gen. pl. tungna), f.

1) tongue; skœðar tungur, evil tongues; hafa tungu fyrir e-m, to have a tongue for a person, be the spokesman; gæti hann, að honum vefist eigi ~n um höfuð, let him take heed that his tongue do not twist a noose for his own neck;

2) tongue, language (þá skiptust tungur í Englandi, er Vilhjálmr bastarðr vann England); dönsk t., the Danish (Norse) tongue;

3) tongue of land (Ö. nam tungu alla milli Hvítar ok Reykjadalsár).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f., gen. pl. tungna; [Goth. tuggo; common to all Teut. languages; cp. Lat. lingua]:—a tongue, Sól. 44, Grág. ii 11, passim: metaph. usages, hraðmælt tunga, Hm. 28; skæðar tungur, evil tongues, Nj. 264; hafa tungu fyrir e-m, to have tongue for a person, be the spokesman, Fms. vi. 223; harðr í tungu, Hallfred; skáldskapr var honum svá tiltækr, at hann kvað af tungu fram sem annað mál, Ó. H. 171; hann sá eld mikinn í tungna líkjum, Hom. 91; lof-tunga, ‘praise-tongue,’ flatterer, a nickname.

2. sayings; tunga er höfuðs-bani, ‘tongue is head’s bane,’ is the ruin of a man, Hm. 72; e-t leikr á tveim tungum, N. G. L. i. 211 (see leika II. 4); tungan leikr við tanna sar, the tongue touches sores of the teeth, Mkv.; hann hefir tönn og tungu á öllu, of a ready tongue; gæti hann, at honum vefisk eigi tungan um hófuð, let him beware lest his tongue winds round his head, i. e. let him beware of loose talk, (a long tongue being = inconsiderate tongue that works evil), Nj. 160, Þorst. Síðu H. 178; also, e-m vefsk tunga um tönn, to be disconcerted: a person endowed with poetical gifts is believed to have a tongue longer than other men (the tongue-tip reaching to the nostrils), Ísl. …

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TUNGL
Zoëga

n. the moon (t. óð í skýjum).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [Goth. tuggl in a gloss, to Gal. iv. 9; A. S. tungol; Hel. tungal; O. H. G. zungal; Swed. tungel; cp. also tingl]:—prop. a luminary (= Lat. sidus), which sense remains in the compd himin-tungl; in Icel. prose, ancient as well as modern, this word has altogether superseded the word ‘máni,’ which is only poetical.

II. the moon (= Swed. tungel), Nj. 118, Grett. 114, Rb. 108, Sks. 627, Al. 172; nýtt tungl, fullt tungl, Icel. Almanack (cp. the words ný and nið), passim: phrases, tunglið veðr í skýjum, the moon wades in clouds: for poët. usage, enni-tungl, tungl brá, = the eyes, etc., see Lex. Poët. ☞ No word in the language rhymes with tungl, hence the tale of the man capping verses with the devil, Maurer Volksagen. The ancients called the full moon the ‘new moon,’ ný (q. v.), but used nið (q. v.) = no moon for the new moon; the modern phrase ‘new moon’ (nýtt tungl), = the young moon, is derived from the Latin.

B. COMPDS: tunglaldr, tunglaukan, tunglár, tunglfyllr, tunglganga, tunglhlaup, tunglhoppan, tunglkváma, tunglsljós, tunglmein, tunglsjúkr, tunglskin, tunglsýki, tungltal, tungltalsöld, tungltíð, tungltími, tunglæði, tunglærr, tunglöld. …

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tungli

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. = máni, Fms. viii.

tungls-ljós
Zoëga

n. moonlight.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. moon-light, Fms. ii. 64, Þiðr. 311.

tungltals-öld

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. = tunglöld, Rb.

tungl-aldr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. moon’s age, a calendary term, Rb.

tungl-aukan

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. growth of the moon, Rb. 428.

tungl-ár
Zoëga

n. lunar year.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a lunar year, Rb. 438.

tungl-fyllr
Zoëga

f. lunation.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(tungl-fylling), f. a lunation, a calendary term, Rb. 18, 122, 442.

tungl-ganga

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. the lunar course, Rb. 116.

tungl-hlaup

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. ‘leap-moon,’ a calendary term, Rb. 32 (see the foot-note).

tungl-hoppan

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. = tungl-hlaup, MS. 732 B. I.

tungl-kváma

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(tungl-koma), u, f. a new moon, Stj. 278, Bs. i. 165, 237, Icel. Almanack.

tungl-mein

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n., medic, a kind of scurvy in the head.

tungl-sjúkr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. moon-sickness, lunacy.

tungl-skin
Zoëga

n. moonshine.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. moon-shine, Ad. 5, Nj. 118, Grett. 114, Fms. ix. 357, passim.

tungl-sýki

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. epilepsy, Fél. x.

tungl-tal
Zoëga

n. lunar computation.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. ‘moon-tale,’ lunar computation, Rb.

tungl-tíð

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a lunar hour, Rb.

tungl-tími

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. = tungltið, Rb.

tungl-æði

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. lunary.

tungl-ærr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. ‘moon-mad,’ lunatic, 656 B. 7.

tungl-öld
Zoëga

f. lunar cycle.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a lunar cycle, Rb.

tungna-skipti
Zoëga

n. the confusion of tongues (at Babel).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. change of tongue or language, Stj. 25.

tungu-bragð
Zoëga

n. (motion of the) tongue, language (mjúkt ~).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. tongue, speech; mjúkt t., Fms. i. 283; hefir því t. ekki ómjúkligt, ii. 60; málit görisk af blæstrinum, tungubragðinu ok skipan varranna, Skálda 170.

tungu-fimi
Zoëga

f. fluency of tongue.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. fluency of tongue, Konr.

tungu-hapt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a tongue-tie; medic. anchylo-glossum. Fél. x.

tungu-hvass
Zoëga

a. keen-tongued.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. keen-tongued, Sks. 315.

tungu-lauss
Zoëga

a. tongueless.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. tongueless, Rb. 348

tungu-mjúkr
Zoëga

a. smooth-tongued.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. smooth-tongued, eloquent, Fms. viii. 314, Sks. 315, Sturl. i. 105.

tungu-níð

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a libel by word of mouth, opp. to tré-níð, a libel carved on a tree, N. G. L. i. 56.

tungu-pundari

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a steelyard with a tongue, Jb. 375.

tungu-rætr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. pl. the roots of the tongue, Pr. 474; gull þat er sú náttúra fylgir, at hverr maðr sem mállauss er, ok leggr þat undir tungu-rætr sér, þá tekr þegar mál sitt, … hann færði móður sinni gullit ok tók hón þegar mál sitt er þat kom undir t. henni, Fb. i. 255, 256; metaph., þessi orð sem hann hafði lagt undir tungu-rætr þeim, Stj. 398; eigi þarf ek at eiga þetta undir tungu-rótum Odds, Eg. 73; ræða þessi mun vera komin undan tungu-rótum þeirra manna er miklu eru óvitrari enn hann ok verri, Fær. 200; þau svikræði höfðu fyrst komit undan tungu-rótum biskups, Fms. viii. 296.

tungu-skorinn
Zoëga

pp. tongue-cut.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. tongue-cut, Hkr. iii. 285.

tungu-skæði

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. ‘tongue-scathe,’ slander, Sks. 25.

tungu-skæðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. evil-tongued, Nj. 264, v. l.

tungu-snjallr
Zoëga

a. eloquent.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. eloquent, Fms. viii. 314.

tungu-sótt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a tongue-disease, Ann. 1310.

tungu-sætr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. sweet-tongued, Lil.

tungu-varp
Zoëga

n. motion of the tongue.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. the motion of the tongue, Sks. 438.

tunna
Zoëga

f. tun, barrel.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a tun, barrel, Nj. 133, Al. 114, Fms. ix. 425, N. G. L. ii, D. N., Edda Ht. (sal-tönna): as a measure, Fms. iii. 211, the word seems not to have come into use before the 13th century.

tunni

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a nickname, Yngl. S.

turfa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [torf], a vile hack or beast, turfu-ligr, adj. vile, of a hack.

turn
Zoëga

(pl. -ar), m. tower.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [Dan. taarn; Germ. thurm; from the Lat. turris]:—a tower, Symb. 30, 56, Fms. vi. 158, 164, ix. 3, Hkr. iii. 69, Skíða R. 68; the word appears in the 12th or 13th century.

turna
Zoëga

(að), v. to turn; t. e-u um, to turn upside down.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

ð, [Fr.], to turn; turna essi, to wheel a racer round, Karl. 72; turna e-u um, to turn upside down, overthrow, Al. 22, 42, Stj. 287; it is now used in the compds, um-turna e-u, to turn upside down, and um-turnan, a turning upside down.

turnera
Zoëga

(að), v. to ride a tourney.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to ride a tilt, turney, Bév.

turniment
Zoëga

n. tilt, tournament.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a tilt, tournament, Fms. viii. 158, Fas. i. 369, Mag. 8, Þiðr. 24, 36; a for. word, which appears in the 12th or 13th century.

turn-reið
Zoëga

f. = turniment.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. = turniment, Fms. viii. 158, Þiðr. 23.

turtil-dúfa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. = turturi, N. T. (mod.)

turturi
Zoëga

m. turtle-dove.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. [for. word], a turtle-dove, Stj., Hom., Mar.

tusi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. fire, a απ. λεγ., Edda (Gl.); a Tzeckish word, Hung, tuz, Rask i. 33.

tuska

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. (qs. tuzka, akin to tuttan), a rag, vile cloth.

tuskast
Zoëga

(að), v. refl. to scuffle, tussle.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, dep. to wrestle, wrangle (slightly); tuskuðust húskarlar ok gestir, made a row, Fms. ix. 340, v. l. and mod. usage.

tustleiki

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. (qs. tvistleiki), dusk; t. tímans, Norske Saml. v. 164.

tutl

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a nibbling, picking, teazing.

tutla
Zoëga

(að), v. to push, shove.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to nibble, teaze; tauta eðr tutla, Fms. viii. 234.

tuttan

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. [from toga], a pulling, tearing; ef hann bæði görir (viz. tekr í hár öðrum ok kippir) þá heitir þat tuttan, þá skal hann bæta fullum rétti fyrir, N. G. L. i. 70.

tuttr
Zoëga

m. tom-thumb.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

and tottr (q. v.), a nursery word, a tom-thumb, cp. túta; tuttr litli, in the lullaby song of the giantess, Fas. ii. 234; cp. totr and tutr, Edda ii. 496: the word has therefore no relation to stuttr, like telpa qs. stelpa.

tuttugandi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(tuttugti, D. N. ii. 285, Post. (Unger) 47, N. G. L. ii. 355, tutukta hvárt pund), mod. tuttugasti, the twentieth.

tuttugu
Zoëga

card. numb. twenty.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

indecl. adj. twenty; þrettán dýnur ok tuttugu, Dipl. iii. 4; fjórtán vetr ok tuttugu, Bs. i. 445, passim. tuttug-sessa, u, f. a twenty-oared ship, Fms. ix. 474.

TÚLKA
Zoëga

(að), v. to interpret; t. mál e-s, to plead one’s case, be the spokesman; t. fyrir e-m, to be one’s interpreter (mun ek fylgja þér til staðarins ok t. fyrir þér); t. illa fyrir e-m, to give one a bad report, bear one bad witness.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [a Slavon. word], to interpret; t. mál e-s, to plead one’s case, be the spokesman, Eg. 410; t. eyrendi e-s, Fms. i. 139; Guðs orð ok eyrendi þótt eigi sé með snilld mikilli frain túlkat, MS. 15. 1; Austmenn munu ílla túlka fyrir þér, give thee a bad report, Nj. 178; Þiðrandi kvað sik nú gruna hversu Vegghamarr mundi t. fyrir þeim, Njarð. 370; mun ek fylgja þér til staðarins ok t. fyrir þér, be thy interpreter, Fms. iii. 58.

túlkan
Zoëga

f. pleading.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a pleading, Stj. 144, Thom.

túlkari
Zoëga

m. interpreter.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. an interpreter: a nickname, dóttir Kára þess er t. var kallaðr, Landn. 158, v. l., of a person of the 11th or 12th century.

túlkr
Zoëga

(-s, -ar), m.

1) interpreter (t. konungs);

2) spokesman.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [a Slavon. word; Lett. tulkas], an interpreter, spokesman, in a foreign language, Ld. 76, Orkn. 330, Fms. iii. 33, vii. 192, xi. 300, Stj. 542: a broker, þeir brakkernir er vér köllum túlka, Fms. v. 183 (Fb. ii. 138): a spokesman, Stj. 157.

TÚN
Zoëga

n.

1) a hedged plot, enclosure, court-yard, homestead; gullu gæss í túni, the geese screamed in the yard;

2) home field, home meadow (bleikir akrar, en slegin tún);

3) town.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [a word widely applied and common to all Teut. languages; the Goth. is not on record; A. S. tûn; Engl. town; O. H. G. zûn; Germ. zaun; Norse tûn]:—prop. a hedge; this sense is still used in the Germ. zaun; but in Scandin. the only remnant seems to be the compd tun-riða (see B).

II. a hedged or fenced plot, enclosure, within which a house is built; then the farm-house with its buildings, the homestead; and lastly, a single house or dwelling: in Norway tun is = Dan. gaards-plads, the quadrangle or premises annexed to the buildings; whereas ‘bö’ answers to the mod. Icel. ‘tún:’ in Norse deeds each single farm is called tún, í efsta túni í Ulfalda-stöðum, D. N. ii. 534: the same usage of the word town remains in Scotland, see Scott’s Waverley, ch. ix, sub fin.: many of the following examples run from one of these senses into the other; tefldu í túni teitir vóru, Vsp.; allir Einherjar Oðins-túnum í, Gm.; ok gullu við gæss í túni, Skv. 3. 29, Gkv. 1. 15; hér í túni, 2. 39; ok er þeir koma heim þá er Úlfr fóstri þeirra heima í túni fyrir, Fb. i. 133; jarls menn tóku skeið ór túninu, galloped out of the tún, Orkn. …

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túna-sláttr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = túnannir, as also the season, the 12th and following weeks of the summer.

tún-annir
Zoëga

f. pl. haymaking in the home meadow.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. pl. haymaking in the in-field; um sumar um túnannir, i. e. in July, Eb. 248.

tún-barð

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. the outskirt of an in-field.

tún-brekka
Zoëga

f. the brink or edge of a home meadow.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. the brink or edge of an in-field, Ld. 36.

tún-fótr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the outskirt of a home-field,

tún-garðr
Zoëga

m.

1) fence of a tún 2;

2) = tún 1.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a ‘town-garth,’ fence of a tún, Grág. i. 147, ii. 263, Eg. 713, Ld. 138, Gullþ. 61, 77, Bs. i. 648, K. Á. 64, Fms. vi. 368.

tún-göltr
Zoëga

m. home-field boar.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a home-boar, Eb. 94, Glúm. 365.

tún-hlið
Zoëga

n. court-gate.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. the gate of a castle, in the Norse sense, Hkv. I. 47.

tún-krepja

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f., botan. a cryptogamous plant resembling the lichen tribe, tremella.

tún-riða
Zoëga

f. witch, ghost.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a ‘hedge-rider,’ a witch, ghost; witches and ghosts were thought to ride on hedges and the tops of houses during the night, see Glam in the Grettla; cp. Swed. ‘blå-kulla;’ the word is a απ. λεγ., Hm. 156.

tún-svið

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. the tún-space; sem túnsvið kringlótt, a field like a round tún-enclosure, Fms. vii. 97 (v. l. nær túns-vídd, of the largeness of a tún).

tún-svín
Zoëga

n. = túngöltr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. = túngöltr, Grág. ii. 232.

tún-sækinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. of cattle, greedy to enter and graze in a tún.

tún-völlr
Zoëga

m. home field (Björn var úti á túnvelli).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a strip of the in-field, Kormak, Grág. ii. 257, Jb. 423. Sturl. i. 83, Eb. 250; hann lét færa farminn heim á túnvöll sinn ok görði þeim tjald, Fb. i. 422.

túta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [cp. tota; Dan. tude = a spout], a teat-like prominence: the name of a dwarf, Fms. vi.

tútna

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [cp. A. S. totjan], to be blown up; hann tútnaði allr upp.

tvau-falda

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to double.

tvau-faldr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

mod. tvö-faldr, adj. twofold, Sturl. i. 85, Rb.

tváru

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv., see hvárr (II. 2).

tveggi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

in annarr-tveggi, hvárr-tvegga q. v.

tveim-megin

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

or tveim-eginn, adv. on both sides, Nj. 24.

TVEIR
Zoëga

(tvær, tvau), card. numb. two;

höggva tveim höndum, with both hands;

höggva í tvau, in two, asunder;

tveimr er tveggja hugr, two men two minds;

tveim megin Slésvíkr, on both sides of Slesvik.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

gen. tveggja, dat. tveimr or tveim, acc. tvá (mod. tvo), tvær, tvau (mod. tvö); tvau and þau make a rhyme, Skáld H.: [Goth. twai; A. S. twâ; Engl. two, twain; Germ. zwei; Dan. to; Swed. två; Lat. duo; Gr. δύο, etc.]:—two, passim; tveir ok tveir, two and two, Hkr. i. 125; báðir tveir, Fms. vii. 202; bæði tvau, Skáld H. 3. 7, 6. 55; tveim höndum, with both hands, Eg. 532, Fms. vii. 290; hvárr-tveggja, annarr-tveggja, q. v.; í tvau, adverb, in two, asunder, Fms. vii. 72, 193: in the saying, tveimr er tveggja hugr, two men two minds (= quot homines, tot sententiae), Fas. ii. 228; cp. tveir erut einsherjar, Hm.

tvenning
Zoëga

f. duality; í ~u, in two parts (fór flokkrinn optliga í ~u).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. duality, Fms. vii. 292, MS. 625. 17.

tvennr
Zoëga

a. consisting of two different things or kinds, twofold (tvenn frásögn); í tvennu lagi, in two parts; tvennir, two (á skóginum voru tvennar leiðir); nú ferr tvennum sögunum fram, two tales now run parallel; tvennir skór, two pair of shoes; neut. tvennt, two things (sides, parts); hefir mér tvennt um sýnzt, there has seemed to be two sides to the matter.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

and tvinnr, adj. (tviðr, Hom. 74), [Ulf. twaihnai], a distrib., two and two, twin, in pairs; tviðr skriptar-gangr, Hom. 74; tvennr burðr, twins, Stj.; til tveðra gjalda, Grág. ii. 188; guldu opt tvennar landskyldir, Ó. H. 27; heimta tvennar fulgur, Grág. i. 258, 447; eigi má tvær sakir af því göra þótt tvennum sé lýst, ii. 15; á skóginum vóru tvennar leiðir, Eg. 576; tvenna tólf-mánuðr, Grág. ii. 227; vóru tvennar hallir, aðrar yfir öðrum, Fms. vi. 147; bjóða tvenn verð, Ld. 146; gjalda konungi tvenn (gjöld) slík, Jb. 208; tvinnir flokkar engla, Sks. 142 new Ed.; skjóta tvennum örum, Clem. 37; í tvennu lagi, Hom. 74; ok er tvenn frásögn um, Sturl. i. 107; tvennar (ii Cod.) frásagnir, Bs. i. l. c.; nú ferr tvennum sögunum fram, two tales running parallel, Ó. H. 100.

2. two different things; lengi hefir mér þat í hug verit, ok hefir mér þó tvennt um sýnt, Nj. 3; þó segja menn nokkut tvennt til, Eg. 63: tvennu mun skipta, there are two chances, either … or, Fas. ii. 515; hefir Guð fram í tvennu verk sitt, annat tveggja, eða …, 677. 6.

3. two pairs; tvennir skór, two pairs of shoes, Skíða R. …

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tvennum-brúni

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. a nickname, with meeting eyebrows (?), Landn.

tvinna
Zoëga

(að), v. to double.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to twine, twist thread.

tvinni

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. twine, twisted thread; tvinna-hnoða, Hkr. iii. 117.

tvinnr
Zoëga

a. = tvennr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see tvennr.

tvist

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [Dan. tvist = discord]; in the phrase, á tvist og bast, scattered to the four winds.

tvistr
Zoëga

a. hushed, silent (var þar allt tvist ok daprt).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. m. the two or ‘deuce’ in cards.

2. adj. [Swed. tjust; Dan. tyst = silent], dismal, sad, distressed, whence in deep silence, noiseless; varð þegar hljótt allt fólk ok tvist (Dan. lyt og tyst), Fms. vi. 374: allt kyrt ok tvist, ix. 510, v. l.; tvist ok daprt, Fas. ii. 392; mist hefik fljóðs ins tvista, Korm.; tvist hjarta, tvistar sorgir, Lex. Poët.; ú-tvistr, gleeful.

tvistra
Zoëga

(að), v. to scatter.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

or tvístra, að, to scatter; munu tvístrast sauðirnir, Post.; sauðir hjarðarinnar munu í sundr tvístrast, Matth. xxvi. 31.

tvistróttr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. scattered, Hkr. iii. 228.

tvist-ligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. = tvistr.

tvisvar
Zoëga

adv. twice.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(also tysvar), adv. twice, Sks. 677, Fms. ix. 265, passim; in tvisvar verðr gamall maðrinn barn. tvisvar-sinnum = tvisvar, Hom. 118; týsvar-sinnum, Nj.

tví
Zoëga

interj. to express loathing, fie!.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

conj. used to express loathing (Dan. tvi), fie! Fb. iii. 303.

tvífald-leikr
Zoëga

m. twofoldness.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. twofoldness, Stj. 263, Hom. (St.)

tvífald-ligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. of twofold kind, Sturl. i. 121, K. Á. 74.

tvíl

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [Ulf. tweifls; Germ. zweifel; Dan. tvil], doubt. tvíl-laust, n. adj. without doubt, forsooth. tvíla, að, to doubt, (mod.); as also tvílugr, adj., in ó-tvílugr, quite safe; hann er ó-tvílugr, það er ó-tvílugt; but none of these words are found in old writers.

tvímælis-lauss
Zoëga

a. undisputed.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. undisputed, Sturl. iii. 261.

tvímælis-maðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a law term, one who contradicts himself.

tvítugs-aldr
Zoëga

m. the age of twenty.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the age of twenty, Eg. 2, Fms. iv. 254, x. 377, Njarð. 396, passim.

tvítug-sessa
Zoëga

f. twenty-oared ship.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a twenty-oared ship (see sessa), Eg. 28, Fms. ii. 253, iv. 322.

TVÍ-
Zoëga

twice, double, in many compds.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

[Germ. zwei-], twice, double, in many COMPDS: tvíangaðr, tvíaukinn, tvíbaka, tvíbenda, tvíbreiðr, tvíburi, tvíburur, tvíbyrðingr, tvíbyrðr, tvíbytna, tvíbýli, tvíböllr, tvídreginn, tvídrægni, tvídrægr, tvídyrðr, tvídægra, tvíeggjaðr, tvíelleptr, tvíeln, tvíeyringr, tvífalda, tvífaldan, tvífaldleikr, tvífaldligr, tvífaldr, tvífóðraðr, tvífættr, tvígilda, tvígildr, tvígiptr, tvígörr, tvíheilagt, tvíhenda, tvíhendis, tvíhljóðr, tvíhólkaðr, tvíhúsaðr, tvíhætta, tvíhöfðaðr, tvíkenndr, tvíklifa, tvíklýpt, tvíkostr, tvíkvángaðr, tvíkveða, tvíkvenni, tvíkvíslaðr, tvíkylft, tvílembdr, tvílitaðr, tvílitr, tvíloðinn, tvímánuðr, tvímenna, tvímenning, tvímenningr, tvímæli, tvímælis, tvímælislauss, tvímælismaðr, tvímælt, tvíoddaðr, tvíriðinn, tvíræði, tvíræðr, tvísaga, tvísagðr, tísettr, tvískafinn, tvískelfðr, tvískinnungr, tvískipaðr, tvískipta, tvískipti, tvískiptiligr, tvískiptingr, tvískiptr, tvískældr, tvíslægr, tvístýft, tvísyngja, tvísýni, tvísýnn, tvísöngr, tvítaka, tvítala, tvítjaldaðr, tvítján, tvítjándi, tvítóla, tvítugr, tvítugsaldr, tvítugsessa, tvítugti, tvítugu, tvítylft, tvítyngdr, tvívegis, tvíverknaðr, tvíviðr, tvíæri, tvíærr.

tví-angaðr
Zoëga

a. double-forked.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. double-forked, Fas. iii. 385.

tví-aukinn
Zoëga

pp. twofold.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. twofold, H. E. i. 437.

tví-baka

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [Germ. zwiebach], a biscuit (mod.)

tví-benda

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a complicity, entanglement.

tví-breiðr
Zoëga

a. of double breadth, of cloth.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. of double breadth, of cloth, Vm. 10, N. G. L. iii. 205, D. N. ii. 1127.

tví-buri

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a twin, esp. in dual, Fms. i. 4, Slurl, i. 1, Rb. 100; in the N. T. = δίδυμος; tvíbura-merki, the Twins or Gemini, Rb.

tví-burur
Zoëga

f. pl. twin-sisters.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. twin sisters, Str. 15, Fas. i. 358.

tví-byrðingr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a twofold shield, Gþl. 103.

tví-byrðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-lined, B. K., D. N.: of a shield, N. G. L. ii. 42.

tví-bytna

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a bottomless lake or pit, in popular belief, or thought to be in hidden connection with the sea.

tví-býli
Zoëga

n. two households on one farm, a farm with two households.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a double household, on one farm (opp. to einbýli), Eb. 38, Vm. 83, Lv. 71.

tví-böllr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a double ball, Skálda 177.

tví-dreginn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-lined, Jb. 187; klæði tvídregin, Ann. 1330.

tví-drægni

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. discord,

tví-drægr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. ambiguous, Fms. ix. 255, 324, 502.

tví-dyrðr
Zoëga

a. double-doored.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-doored, Eb. 274, Fms. vi. 121, Fs. 66, Þiðr. 143.

tví-dægra

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

the name of a mountain desert taking two ‘dægr’ to cross, Ísl. ii. 345, Ann. 1242.

tví-eggjaðr
Zoëga

a. two-edged.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. two-edged, Stj., Sks., N. T.

tví-elleptr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. twice eleven; in the phrase, vera t., to be a twenty-two-year-old, i. e. in high vigour and spirits, Fas. i. 98.

tví-eln
Zoëga

a. two ells broad.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. two ells broad, Grág. i. 498, 504.

tví-eyringr
Zoëga

m. a thing worth or weighing two ounces.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. worth or weighing two ounces, Landn. 258, Eb. 10.

tví-falda
Zoëga

(að), v. to double.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to fold, double, Stj. 53, Sks. 763, N. G. L. i. 23, Alg. 360.

tví-faldan

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., arithm. doubling, Skálda 191, Alg. 360.

tví-faldr
Zoëga

a. twofold, double.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. twofold, double, K. Á. 46, 136, Sks. 225, 405, Vm. 168, Hom. 10, passim.

tví-fóðraðr
Zoëga

pp. double-lined.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-lined, Fms. vi. 422.

tví-fættr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. two-footed, Lat. bi-pes.

tví-gilda

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, to pay double, Gþl. 378, K. Á. 80.

tví-gildr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. of double value.

tví-giptr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. twice married.

tví-görr
Zoëga

a. double.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double, Þiðr. 80, 81.

tví-heilagt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. adj. twice hallowed, of two holidays following one another.

tví-henda
Zoëga

(-nda, -ndr), v. to hurl or wield (a weapon) with both hands (hljóp Sóti enn upp ok tvíhendi øxina).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, to hurl or wield with two hands, Edda 122, Korm. 136, Fms. x. 383, Grett. 45, 178 new Ed.

tví-hendis

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv.; höggva t. = tvíhenda, D. N.

tví-hljóðr
Zoëga

m. diphthong.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a diphthong, Skálda 177.

tví-hólkaðr
Zoëga

pp. mounted with a double ring.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. mounted with a double ring, Þorf. Karl. 376.

tví-húsaðr
Zoëga

pp. double-housed.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-housed, Stj. 57.

tví-hætta
Zoëga

f. dilemma; leggja á tvíhættu, to run a risk.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a dilemma; in the phrase, leggja á tvíhættu, to run a risk, Fær. 144.

tví-höfðaðr
Zoëga

pp. two-headed.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. two-headed. Fas. iii. 574.

tví-kenndr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. with double circumlocution, in poetry, Edda 122: of double meaning, 110.

tví-klifa
Zoëga

(að), v. to repeat twice.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to harp twice on the same, repeat, Sks. 307.

tví-klýpt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. a bad reading for tví-kylft.

tví-kostr
Zoëga

m. choice between two, alternative.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a choice between two, an alternative, Fas. ii. 68; hafa ekki ef eða tvíkost á e-u, Barl. 173; bjóða e-m tvíkosti, Mag.

tví-kvángaðr
Zoëga

pp. twice married.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. twice married, Bs. i. 233.

tví-kveða
Zoëga

(see kveða), v. to repeat.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

kvað, to repeat, Edda 133.

tví-kvenni
Zoëga

n. = tvíkvæni.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. bigamy, Grág. i. 367.

tví-kvíslaðr
Zoëga

pp. two-pronged.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. two-pronged, Þiðr. 178, Bær. 19.

tví-kylft

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. [kylfa, the verb], stammering, of metre, a metrical term, Ht. 45.

tví-lembdr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. with two lambs, Rétt. 2. 5.

tví-litaðr
Zoëga

pp. parti-coloured.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

mod.

tví-litr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. parti-coloured, Stj. 306.

tví-loðinn
Zoëga

a. double-hairy, hairy on both sides.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. double-hairy, thick, of fur, Fbr. 145.

tví-mánuðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the double month, the fifth month in the summer; in the Almanack for 1872 this month begins on the 27th of August and ends on the 25th of September, which answers to the 15th of August to the 15th of September of the old style, Rb. 556; at Tvímánuði or at Tvímánaði sumars, at the time when T. sets in, Grág. i. 152, Ld. 134, Finnb. 298, Grett. 174 new Ed.; boð skyldi vera at Tvímánaði suðr at Ölvusvatni, Ísl. ii. 8, 31; leið nú fram at Tvímánaði sumars, Grett. 150; brúðkaup var í Garpsdal at Tvímánaði, Ld. 134.

tví-menna
Zoëga

(-ta, -t), v. to ride two on one horse (síðarr var hestinum tvímennt).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, to ride two on one horse; nær hálfum mánaði síðar var honum (the horse) tvímennt, Bs. i. 389: in the phrase, tvímenna yfir ána, to cross a river two on one horse, an every day’s occurrence in Icel.; as to Scotland in ancient times, there is a curious record in Orkn. ch. 5; a lively sketch of this is found in the Queen’s ‘Leaves from a Journal,’ ‘Fording the Poll Tarf.’

tví-menning
Zoëga

f. riding two on one horse.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. riding two on one horse, Sturl. ii. 131, iii. 23.

tví-menningr
Zoëga

m. drinking together in pairs, two and two (drekka tvímenning á e-n, við e-n).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. drinking together in pairs, two and two; þar var hlutaðr t., Eg. 22; Kormakr drakk tvímenning á Steingerði, Korm. 232; hón segir þat ekki víkinga sið at drekka hjá konum tvímenning, Hkr. i. 50. tví-merkingr, m. of the value or weight of two marks, of a ring, Grág. ii. 172, 178.

tví-mæli
Zoëga

n. doubt, discordant report.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a dispute, a discordant report, one saying this, another that, Nj. 68, 139, Edda 147.

tví-mælis

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. two meals a day, N. G. L. i. 422.

tví-mælt

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= tvímælis; eta t., K. Þ. K. 102, 106, Bs. i. 106.

tví-oddaðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. two-pointed, Fas. ii. 386.

tví-riðinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-netted or knitted, of a net or the like: as a metrical term, Edda 122.

tví-ræði

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. ambiguity, Fb. iii. 427; tvíræðis-orð, id.

tví-ræðr
Zoëga

a. ambiguous, doubtful.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. ‘double-read,’ ambiguous, which can be read ‘both ways’ Fms. ix. 324, v. l.

tví-saga

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj.; verða tvísaga, to contradict oneself.

tví-sagðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. twice-told.

tví-skafinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a nickname, Fms. x.

tví-skelfðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. the name of a metre, each verse-line beginning with two long syllables, Edda 129; for a specimen see the Rekstefja, which is composed in this metre, whence it is also called ‘Drápan tvískelfda.’

tví-skinnungr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a double skin or film (on a wound).

tví-skipaðr
Zoëga

pp. double-seated, in two ranks.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-seated, in two ranks, Fms. x. 16.

tví-skipta
Zoëga

(-pta, -ptr), v. to divide into two parts;

refl., ~st, to waver.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, to divide into two parts, Fms. i. 154, ii. 240, viii. 363: to waver, hann tvískiptisk í ætlaninni, x. 270.

tví-skipti
Zoëga

n. division into two parts.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a division into two parts; t. mun vera á öllu landi, Fms. v. 347: the phrase, það er ekki til tvískiptanna, it is too small to be divided.

tví-skiptiligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. divided, Bs. i.

tví-skiptingr
Zoëga

m. changeling, idiot.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a changeling, idiot (= skiptingr, q. v.): a nickname, Fms. x. 2.

tví-skiptr
Zoëga

pp.

1) divided info two parts;

2) uncertain;

3) of two colours;

4) double (tvískipt brynja).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. divided, Fms. viii. 16, Hom. (St.): uncertain, Fas. i. 42: of two colours, t. vesli, Rd. 309, Fms. ii. 71; t. brynja, Þiðr. 80.

tví-skældr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= tvískelfdr, metric., Fms. ii. 310.

tví-slægr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. ambiguous; t. draumr, Fms. viii. 444; görask t. í vináttu við e-n, Sks. 357. tví-stíga, steig, to waddle.

tví-stýft

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. part. a metrical term, ‘double apocope’ Edda 134: a mark on a sheep’s ear, t. framan hægra.

tví-syngja
Zoëga

(see syngja), v. to chant double, of two-voiced music.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

sing, to chant double in the church, a kind of two-voiced music, a relic of the early Middle Ages, still practised in Icel., recorded in Laur. S. (Bs. i. 847).

tví-sýni
Zoëga

n. uncertainty, doubt.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. uncertainty, doubt, Fas. iii. 207, Gísl. 86.

tví-sýnn
Zoëga

a. doubtful, uncertain.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. precarious, doubtful, of danger, Nj. 111, Bs. i. 814.

tví-söngr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a two-voiced song; see tví-syngja.

tví-taka
Zoëga

(see taka), v. to repeat.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

tók, to repeat, Skálda 208.

tví-tala
Zoëga

f.

1) the dual number;

2) the double number.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. u, f. the dual number, Stj. 13.

2. adj. of twice the number, Fb. iii. 362.

tví-tjaldaðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. hung with double tapestry, Vm. 171.

tví-tján
Zoëga

card. numb. twenty.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

twice-ten, twenty, Fms. x. 378.

tví-tjándi
Zoëga

ord. numb. the twentieth.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

the twentieth, Mork. 109, Grett. (Ub.) 150, Petr S. 47, v. l.

tví-tóla

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [Dan. tve-tullet], an hermaphrodite (tól II).

tví-tugr
Zoëga

a.

1) aged twenty;

2) measuring twenty (fathoms, ells).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

tví-togr, adj. aged twenty, Grág. i. 307, 465, ii. 108, Fms. ii. 7, vi. 90, Jb. 143, passim: measuring twenty (fathoms, ells), Grág. i. 497, ii. 337, Fms. iii. 194, passim; átta vetr um tvítugt, i. e. twenty-eight years old, Stj. 26.

tví-tugti
Zoëga

ord. numb. the twentieth.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

mod. tví-tugasti, the twentieth, passim.

tví-tugu

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= tuttugu, D. N.

tví-tylft

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. twice twelve; tvítylftar baugr, Grág. ii. 89.

tví-tyngdr
Zoëga

pp. double-tongued.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. double-tongued, Al. 4.

tví-vegis
Zoëga

adv. to and fro (fara ~).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. ‘two-ways’ to and fro; fara t., to go back again, Ísl. ii. 327, Fms. iii. 83, vi. 119, Grág. i. 213, 436: hence in mod. usage gener. twice.

tví-verknaðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. doing the same twice over again.

tví-viðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a double-pieced cross-bow, poët., Edda (Gl.), Merl. 2. 65, Þd.

tví-æri

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a period of two years, D. N. ii. 193.

tví-ærr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. of two years, two years old, D. N.; tvíær landskyld, id.

tvæ-vetla

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a ewe two winters old.

tvæ-vetr
Zoëga

a. two winters old.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. two winters old.

tyggi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

thus, not tiggi, as seen from rhymes, tyggi, glygg, hnyggr tyggi, hygg tyggja, Geisli 9, Lex. Poët.; [the word is therefore derived from tjúga (q. v.), toginn, (cp. Germ. ziehen, ge-zogen), and is akin to Germ. -zog, in her-zog, Lat. duc-s]:—a leader, chief, but only in poetry, Lex. Poët., freq. in old and mod. ballads.

TYGGJA
Zoëga

(tygg; tögg, tuggum; tugginn), v. to chew (tyggr þú nökkut? ek tygg söl).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(tyggva, Gkv. 2. 39), pres. tygg; pret. tugði; subj. tygdi; part. tuggit. A remnant of a strong inflexion is the pret. tögg, Fbr. 24; töggtu (2nd pers.), Am. 39; plur. tuggu (mandebant), Orkn. (Arnór, in a verse, MS.); part. tugginn: tyggja has since become a regular weak verb, like spyrja: [Dan. tygge; Engl. to tug at food]:—to chew, Lat. mandere, manducare; hvat er nú, dóttir, tyggr þú nokkut?—Tygg ek söl, segir hón, Eg. 604; tak pipar ok tygg, Pr. 475; töggtu tíðliga trúðir vel jöxlum, Am. 79; við hunang tuggin, Gkv. 2. 40; hann tögg með grimmum kulda-tönnum allar jarðir, Fbr. 24; tögg hold ok bein, Ann. 1362 (in a verse); eggin tögg af honum fætr báða, Úlf. 7. 74; úlfar tuggu hræ, Arnór; hræra sinn kjálka til at t. með, Stj. 77.

tygi
Zoëga

n. gear, harness.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. [A. S. ga-teawa; O. H. G. ziug; Germ. zeug; Dan. töi; Engl. toy]:—gear, harness; flestöll tygi þau er þeir höfðu átt, Fb. iii. 567; söðull með öllum tygjum, D. N. i. 321; þitt ess eðr tygi, Pr. 422; reið-tygi, saddle-harness.

2. metaph. kind; einn at þessu vánda tye (= tyge) er Robert klerkr af Broc (de funesta illa progenie), Thom. 231: mod., af sama tægi, a sample of the same piece.

tygill
Zoëga

(gen. pl. tugla), m. strap, band (á tuglunum taflpungsins).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., pl. tuglar (like lykill, pl. luklar), a dimin.; [akin to tog; cp. Germ. zügel]:—a string, strap, thong, esp. of the strap with which a cloak was fastened round the neck; möttull á tuglum, Fms. vii. 201; tygill er menit var fest með, Ó. H. 135; á tuglunum taflpungsins var gullbaugr, Gullþ. 20; in Lv. 41 read, ok gullbaugr (for gullband) á tyglinum.

COMPDS: tugla-möttull, -feldr, m. a cloak with a strap, Fær. 263, Fms. v. 292, Sturl. ii. 154, (Bs. i. 556 spelt tugla-.) tygil-knífr, m. a knife or dirk hanging from the belt on a tygill, Fms. vi. 165, x. 149, Ísl. ii. 277.

tygi-ligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. [peril, a bad reading for rýgiligr]; t. orð, haughty words, threats, Bs. i. 653, 658 (but rýgiligr v. l. in both instances), Grett. 172 new Ed.

tygja
Zoëga

(að), v. to harness.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to harness; allir tyaðir panzerum, Fb. iii. 582; her-t., to armour; hertýjað, clad in armour, Ulf. 7. 111 (‘herdti að’ in the Edit.)

tykta
Zoëga

(að), v. to chastise.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, whence typta, Bs. i. 805, 846: [Germ. züchtigen; Dan. tugte]:—to chastise, H. E. i. 509.

tyktan
Zoëga

f. chastisement.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. chastisement, Stj. 167.

tylft
Zoëga

(pl. -ir), f. a body (number) of twelve, dozen.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

or tylpt, f. [tólf], a number of twelve, a ‘duo-decade,’ dozen, a body of twelve, Eg. 341, Nj. 150, Fms. viii. 140, Hkr. ii. 398; fernar tylftir, þrennar tylftir, of the courts, Nj. 150, 244, Grág. i. 4, 72 (twelve being a holy number): of the sea, tylft, twelve miles, Landn. 25, Rb. 482, Bs. ii. 5. tylftar-eiðr, -kviðr, -kvöð (see eiðr, kviðr, kvöð), Gþl. 121, 547, Js. 30, K. Þ. K. 168, Landn. 89.

tylla

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, [tolla], to sit loosely; tylla sér niðr; tylla sér á tá, to stand on tiptoe.

II. reflex. to go with a light step; mýrar lágu ílla, mátti tyllask á vetrar-brautum, the ice on the moors was unsafe, but could be tripped over, Sturl. iii. 140.

tylli-sætt
Zoëga

f. a loose, unreal agreement.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a loose, unreal, shifty agreement, Bs. i. 519.

tylli-sök
Zoëga

f. a light, futile charge.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a light, futile charge, Glúm. 377.

typpa
Zoëga

(-ta, -tr), v. to tip, top; hagliga um höfuð typpum, let us wind the hood neatly about his head.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, [toppr], to tip, top; ok hagliga um höfuð typpum, to tip his head, with a woman’s hood, Þkv. 16: typptr, adj. tipped, laced, Js. 78; silfr-typptr, silver-tipped, of the waves, Snót 36.

typpi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. a tip (Lat. apex), Fms. vi. (in a verse), and in mod. usage.

typpingr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. [toppr], a kind of lace or edging; dúkar með typping, Vm. 52, 65, 125; typpings-dúkr, 62; typpings-ver, a case of typping, D. N. i. 590.

typta
Zoëga

(að), v. = tykta.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, = tykta (q. v.), changing kt into pt; analogous is stipti from stikti, Bs. i. 805, 846, Lil. 81, (not from τύπτω, as suggested in Lex. Poët.); this form is freq. in mod. usage, whereas tykta is obsolete.

typtan

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= tyktan, Mar. typtu-meistari, a, m. a master of ceremonies, Clar.; hof-typt, court ceremonial.

tyrðil-múli

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a bird, the rasor-bill, alca torda L., Edda (Gl.)

tyrfa
Zoëga

(-ða, -ðr), v. to cover with turf.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, [torf], to cover with turf, sod. Fas. i. 134, iii. 389, Sturl. i. 155, passim.

2. [Swed. törfja], to pelt (with turf and stones?); t. e-n með grjóti ok með torfi, N. G. L. i. 82; cp. ‘tyrva med stenom’ in Swed. law; torfleikr, a pelting game.

tyrfi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

and tyri, n. a resinous fir-tree used for making a fire; með tyrvi eðr öðrum eldfimum viði, Sks. 427 B; lokar-spán af tyri, Fagrsk. 109; hence týru-tré, Fagrsk. l. c.; tyr-viðr, Hkr. i. 32, iii. 61; tyrvi-tré, Fms. vi. 153; cp. tjör-viðr; all various forms of the same = tar-wood.

Tyrfingr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. the name of the enchanted sword, Hervar. S.; prop. from its flaming like resinous-wood (tyrfi): a pr. name, Landn.

tyrfinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. resinous; tyrfit tré = tyrvi-tré, Mork. 7.

Tyrkir
Zoëga

(gen. Tyrkja), m. pl.

1) the Turks;

2) the Trojans.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

gen. pl. Tyrkja, m. pl. the Turks, Bret., Edda (pref.), Landn. 19: Tyrk-land, the land of the Turks, Bret.: Tyrk-neskr, adj. Turkish, Mar., Karl.

tyrma

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, qs. tyrfa? (rm = rf), prop. to pelt (?), only used in metaph. phrase, þat tyrmir yfir e-n, to be overwhelmed, from ailment or evil.

tyrming

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. an overwhelming illness.

tyrrinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. peevish, fretful, Grett. 111; ú-tyrrinn, peaceful, Gísl. (in a verse).

tysti

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. = tosti, a frog (?); a nickname, Sturl. iii. 298.

tysvar
Zoëga

adv. twice.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

= tvisvar, twice, Nj. 102, 109, N. G. L. i. 340, Sks. 378 B, Fms. viii. 313, O. H. L. ch. 113.

tytta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, to knead, of bread, N. G. L. i. 304; ó-tyttr, Bs. i. 244.

tyttr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a little pin; hor-tyttr.

tyttugti

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

the twentieth (= tuttugti or tví-tugti), N. G. L. i. 348.

tyza

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a nickname, Fms. viii.

týja
Zoëga

I)

f. poet. doubt.

II)

(týr, týði, týt), v. to avail, = tœja (hvat man mér týja, etc.?); þat týði ekki, it was of no avail.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. u, f. (sounded tía), [akin to tæfa; Dan. tæve; cp. tóa]:—a dam, mother with her young, of a dog, cat, or the like.

2. u, f., qs. tvía, doubt; var mér tyja er vit tveir lifðum, Akv. 27.

TÝJA
Zoëga

I)

f. poet. doubt.

II)

(týr, týði, týt), v. to avail, = tœja (hvat man mér týja, etc.?); þat týði ekki, it was of no avail.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

tæja, tjóa, and tjá, the forms of this verb vary: tæja, tæjar tæja make a rhyme, Pd. 18; pres. tœr, pret. tœði, part. neut. tœð: týja, týr, týði: tjóa, pres. tjóar, pret. tjóaði or tjóði, see below B: and lastly, tjá, pres. té, tér (mod. tjái), pret. téði, part. téðr, téð: with neg. suff. tær-a, does not, Fms. vii. (in a verse): [Ulf. taujan = ποιειν; tawidon on the Golden horn; A. S. tawjan; O. H. G. zawian; Germ. thun; Dutch touwen.]

B. Prop. to do, work; but here göra (q. v.) has in the Scaudin. taken the place of tæja, it is therefore only used in the sense,

II. to help, assist, with dat. or absol.; at tœja Kleppjárni, Ísl. ii. 482 (Heiðarv. S.); þeir menn er tæðu máli Þorsteins, Ísl. ii. 305; þú tæðir mér, Drottinn ok huggaðir mik, 655 v. 2; tæja sjúkum ok vúluðum, 645. 93; þat góz eptir verðr skal ek töja (bestow on) guðs móður, Mar.; ef þú vilt tæja honum, Clem. 56; Guðs mildi tæði málum hans, 45; hamingjan lét enn eigi seinat sér at töja honum, Al. …

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týjandi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a helper; töyendr, helpers, Hom. 149.

TÝNA
Zoëga

(-da, -dr), v.

1) to lose, with dat. (þeir týndu hestunum); t. lífi sínu, to lose one’s life;

2) to destroy, put to death (t. sveininum); t. sjálfum sér, to destroy oneself;

3) refl., týnast, to perish (Hákon jarl týndist í hafi).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, [tjón; Scot. to tyne], to lose; þeir týndu hestunum, Nj. 21; þeir týndu þar öxi sinni, Landn. 312; týna honum. Fms. vi. 121; týna lífi sínu, Str. 86; t. þeim þremr hlutum, er …, Fms. x. 338; þér skolut öngu fyrir týna nema lífinu, Nj. 7; with acc. a Latinism, Mar.

2. to destroy, put to death; týna sveininum, Fms. i. 113, Sks. 695; týna sjálfum sér, to destroy oneself, K. Á. 62; týndi sér þar sjálfr, Landn. 195.

II. reflex. to perish; Hákon jarl týndisk í hafi, Ó. H.; Fluga týndisk í feni, Landn. 195; kom at honum anstan-veðr mikit … ok týndusk þar, Nj. 25; par týndisk Geirhildr í Geirhildar-vatni, Landn. 29, Eg. 123, Edda 3, Fms. i. 215, passim.

týning
Zoëga

f. destruction.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. destruction, Art.

týni-samligr
Zoëga

a. destructive.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. destructive, Anecd. 34.

TÝR
Zoëga

(gen. Týs), m. the god Týr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., gen. Týs, acc. dat. Tý; the form tívar, see tívi, may even be regarded as an irreg. plur. to tý-r; cp. Twisco, qs. Tivisco, in Tacit. Germ.; [for the identity of this word with Sansk. dyaus, dîvas = heaven, Gr. Ζεύς, Διός, Lat. divus, O. H. G. Ziw, see Max Müller’s Lectures on Science of Language, 2nd Series, p. 425]:—prop. the generic name of the highest divinity, which remains in compds, as Farma-týr, hanga-týr: as also in Týs-áttungr, the offspring of gods (Gr. διο-γενής), Ýt.: tý-framr, adj., Haustl. 1: tý-hraustr, valiant as a god: tý-spakr, godly-wise, Edda 16.

II. the name of the god Týr, the one-armed god of war; see Edda passim. Týs-dagr, m. Tuesday, (Germ. Dienstag), Fms. ix. 42, N. G. L. i. 10, 343, 348, Hkr. iii. 416; spelt Týrs-dagr (Dan. Tirsdag), Fms. vii. 295, ix. 42, Rb. 572.

týra

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. ð, to flame faintly; cp. tóra.

2. u, f. a faint light; ljós-týra, freq. in mod. usage.

2. doubtful is the passage, Ad. 8,—týru fylgðu sökk sámleit síðra brúna.

týr-eygðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. with peering eyes.

týta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [akin to túta, tottr], in týtu-prjónn, m. a pin.

tæfa

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. [Dan. tæve], a dam, mother, of a dog, cat.

tægja

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. pres. tæ, pret. táði, part. táð; [akin to tog, teygja]:—prop. to ‘stretch out;’ tægja ull, to pick or teaze the wool before it is spun and carded; ullar-reitur eg um kveldið táði, Hallgr.

2. u, f. a fibre; see taug.

tæja

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

ð, to help; see týja.

tæki

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(i. e. tœki), n. pl. [taka], implements, outfit; sel þú mér tæki at ek mega ríta, 623. 54; tól ok t., Stj. 22; arðr ok öll tæki at þeim arðri, Karl. 471: means, eg hefi engin tæki til þess.

tæki-færi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. opportunity.

tæki-ligr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. due, proper; t. tími, tíð, Stj. 429, Fms. ii. 142, MS. 623. 40; með-t., acceptable.

TÆKR

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(i. e. tœkr), adj. [taka], acceptable, fair, legal, of a tender made, Gþl. 500; þau handsöl er honum þykki tæk, K. Þ. K. í 70; þá eru tæk vitni þeirra, Ó. H. (pref.)

2. fit, meet; the phrase, í tæka tíð, in due time.

3. ú-tækr, unacceptable, unfair; lag-tækr, skilful of hand.

tæla
Zoëga

(-da, -dr), v. to entice, entrap.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, [tól], to manage; faðir þinn þykkisk ekki mega um þik t. hér í híbýlum sínum, Eg. 194; var hann svá í lýzku ok athæfi, at trautt þótti mega um tæla, Fms. xi. 78, 92.

TÆLA
Zoëga

(-da, -dr), v. to entice, entrap.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

d, [tál], to entice, betray; t. menn með fjölkyngi, Clem. 56; t. þá með svikum, Fms. ii. 137; tæla þik, Sks. 537; tældr miklum tálum. Alm. 36; er Herodes konungr sá at hann var tældr af Austrvegs-konungum, Hom. 48.

tæli-gröf
Zoëga

f. pitfall, = tálgröf.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a pitfall, Sks. 42; B.

TÆMA

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

(i. e. tœma), d, [tóm], in the phrase, tæma sik til e-s, to give one’s leisure to, to attend, Sks. 22, Stj. 144, Hom. 63; t. sik til at heyra Guðs orð, 656 B. 12; hann mátti eigi tæmask til frá kenningum við menn, had no leisure, no time left, Clem. 52; hugr tæmisk til hvíldar, the mind takes to rest, Hom. (St.)

2. the law phrase, e-m tæmisk arfr, an inheritance falls to one by right, Grág. i. 173, N. G. L. i. 216, Eg. 31; honum tæmdisk arfr norðr í Vatnsdal, Ísl. ii. 210; e-m tæmisk úmagi, alimentation devolves upon one, Grág. i. 290.

II. [tómr], to empty (Dan. tömme, North. E. and Scot. to toom); seggrinn tæmdi svínit hálft, Skíða R. 41, passim in mod. usage.

tæpiligr
Zoëga

a. scant, scarce.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. scant, scarce; hit tæpiligasta, Mag. 160.

tæpi-djarfr
Zoëga

a. timid.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. timid, Fas. ii. 297.

tæpi-liga
Zoëga

adv. sparingly, scantily (launa e-t ~).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adv. sparingly, scantily; launa e-t t., Fas. iii. 8; ganga t. fram, 437: scarcely, það er t. svá mikit, Dan. knapt.

tæpi-tunga

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a ‘tip-tongue,’ lisping accent; göra sér tæpitungu, to lisp, as in saying ‘telpa’ for ‘stelpa.’

tæpr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. scant, too short, too narrow, or the like; Kálfr gékk þá heldr tæpara, stopped more cautiously, Fb. ii. 360; ónýt er iðran tæp … ef þú í görðum glæp girnist að liggja, Pass. 8. 25; tók hann henni tæpt í mitt lær, Fas. ii. 234; spjótin tóku tæpt til hans, the spears scarcely reached him, Sturl. ii. 251: a path in the side of a mountain is said to be tæp: það er t. þriðjungr.

tæpta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

t, [tæpr], to tap, touch lightly, just reach with the point; tæpti eg mínum trúar-staf á tréð sem drýpr hunang af, Pass. 32. 21; tæpta á e-u, to utter faintly.

tæra
Zoëga

(-ða, -ðr), v.

1) to consume, spend (~ penninga);

2) to entertain, with dat. (konungr tærði honum vel ok sœmiliga).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

ð, [Dan. tære; Germ. zehren], to consume, spend; þú tærir út tveim höndum, Fms. xi. 423; t. penninga, Bs. i. 699: to entertain, konungr tók Sturlu vel ok tærði honum vel ok sæmiliga, Sturl. iii. 307.

tæri

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. in the phrase, komast í tæri við e-n, to come to have dealings with a person.

tæri-látr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. cleanly, nice, esp. as to eating.

tæri-læti

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. cleanliness, nicety.

tæri-penningr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. pocket-money, D. N.

tærr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. pure, limpid, of water; tært vatn, tær vatns-lind, lækr blár og tær, freq. in mod. usage, but not recorded in old writers; see tár.

tæta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

1. (i. e. tœta), t, [akin to tó and tæja, or is it to be written tæta, from táta?]:—to tear, of wool, to teaze or pick the wool; t. sundr, to tear to shreds, the word occurs in Edda (in a verse), and is freq. in mod. usage.

2. u, f. and tætingr, m. shreds.

töðu-
Zoëga

gen. from taða.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see taða.

töðu-alinn
Zoëga

pp. fed on infield hay, of a horse.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

part. fed on infield hay, of a horse, Lv. 19.

töðu-annir
Zoëga

f. pl. the season for mowingthe infield (manured field).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. pl. the season for mowing the infield, beginning a little before the Icel. midsummer time, the middle of July, from the 12th to the 14th week of the summer, see Icel. Almanack; in 1872 it falls on the 13th of July; after the töðuannir follows the engja-sláttr, or mowing the open outfields, Nj. 192.

töðu-garðr
Zoëga

m. stackyard of infield hay.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a stack-yard of infield hay, Sturl. i. 83.

töðu-gjöld

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. pl. a kind of ‘churn-feast’ in Icel., when all the infield-hay is dry, stacked, and housed, and a kind of porridge, called töðugjalda-grautr, is given with cream to the labourers.

töðu-gæft

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. adj. hay as good as if it were infield, of hay grown in an outlying field.

töðu-göltr
Zoëga

m. homeboar, = túngöltr.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a home-boar, kept grazing at home, Fs. 141.

töðu-verk
Zoëga

n. the making of hay in the infield.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

n. the making hay in the infield, Finnb. 340.

töðu-völlr
Zoëga

m. a manured infield.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a manured infield, Grág. ii. 259, Háv. 46.

töf

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., gen. tafar, [tefja], a delay, hindrance; mikil töf; vera e-m til tafar, to be a hindrance to one. tafar-laust, n. adj. without delay.

töfl
Zoëga

f. piece in a game.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. [tafl], a tablet, a piece in a game, Fms. vi. 29, Fas. i. 285.

töfr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

töfra, töfrar, see taufr.

töfring

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. a delay, D. N. v. 622.

töggla

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to tug; er tögglað hefir eyrendin fram, Skálda H. 7. 63; tögglast á e-u, to harp on the same thing.

tögr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. ten, = tigr, q. v.

töku-

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see taka.

tök-vísi
Zoëga

f. rapacity.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. rapacity: tök-víss, adj. rapacious, Hom. 19, MS. 645. 83.

tölta

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, [A. S. tealtjan; Engl. tilt], to ‘tilt,’ amble; hence also tölt, n. an ambling pace; hóf-tölt, ‘hoof-tilt.’

tölugr
Zoëga

a. well-spoken.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. well-spoken, Fas. iii. 269.

tölu-
Zoëga

gen. from tala.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see tala.

tölu-eyrir

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. an ounce’s worth on the standard of quantity (not of weight), N. G. L. i. 244.

tölu-maðr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. a teller; nú eru eigi tölu-menn til, N. G. L. i. 49, 350.

tölu-snjallr
Zoëga

a. eloquent.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. eloquent, Róm. 325.

tölu-sveinn

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m. chatterbox, a nickname, Sturl.

tölu-verðr
Zoëga

a. worth counting, considerable.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. worth counting, considerable, Sturl. iii. 145.

töl-vísi
Zoëga

f. skill in numbers, arithmetic.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f. skill in numbers, arithmetic, Edda 110, Clem. 33.

töl-víss
Zoëga

a. skilled in arithmetic.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. skilled in arithmetic, Clem. 33; as a nickname, Bjarni inn tölvísi, of a learned Icel. of the 12th century, Rb.

TÖNG
Zoëga

(gen. tangar, pl. tangir and tengr), f. smith’s tongs (taka e-t, ná e-u, með töng).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., gen. tangar, pl. tangir and tengr: the gen. tangu, Þd., refers to a form tanga, u, f., dat. töngu, Sturl. i. 121 (vellum), but else töng; [A. S. tanga; Engl. tongs; Germ. zange; Dan. tang; cp. tangi]:—a smith’s tongs; tangir ok tól, Vsp.; dregit á með rauðum steini hamarr ok töng, fyrir því at smiðr var faðir hans, Þiðr. 98; hamar, töng ok steðja, Edda 9; tók Geirröðr með töng járnsíu glóandi, 61; skerðu til járnsins svá at vel megi ná með tönginni, … síðan tók Þormóðr töngina ok kipði braut örinni, Ó. H. 223; drógu tveir karlar beinit með töngu, Sturl. i. 121 (töng, Bs. i. 425, l. c.); eigi þykkjumk ek slíkar tengr séð hafa, such tiny tongs, i. e. limbs so poorly knit, Grett. 119; kalla má höndina long axla, Edda; tangar-armr, the tongs-fork, Þiðr. 96; spenni-t., klýpi-t., ‘clip-tongs,’ pincers: in N. G. L. i. 349 for ‘töng’ eða reipi, read ‘taug’ eða reipi. tangar-hald, n. a tongs-hold.

TÖNN
Zoëga

(gen. tannar, pl. tonn, tennr, teðr), f.

1) tooth; glotta um t., ör við t., to grin scornfully; rjóða t. á e-m, to redden one’s teeth on a person, to do one harm;

2) walrus-tusk; grafa t., to carve a tusk.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

f., this word (like nagl, q. v.) was originally a masc. tann or tannr, like maðr, mannr, of which gender there are remnants in pr. names, Hildi-tannr, gen. Hildi-tanns, Edda (in a verse); dat. Hildi-tanni, see hildr B; it then became fem. tönn, gen. tannar, dat. acc. tönn, gen. pl. tanna, dat. tönnum; nom. pl. tenn (as if from maðr), skakkar tenn rhymes with menn, Skíða R. 5, 9; litlar tenn, Al. 3; with article, tennrnar, Fms. xi. 139; brjóta tenn ór höfði manns, Grág. ii. 11; acc. tennar, Bs. i. 641, l. 21 (perh. an error); old poët. pl. teðr rhyming with veðr, Lex. Poët.; mod. plur. is tönnur: [a word common to all Indo-Germ. languages; Goth. tunþus; A. S. tóð; Engl. tooth, pl. teeth; O. H. G. zand; Germ. zahn; Dan. and Swed. tand; Lat. dent-is; Gr. ὀ-δόντ-ος]:—a tooth, including the sense of tusk; teðr hans, Eluc. 49; ór tönnum, Nj. 185; með tönnum, Eg. 233: phrases, glotta um tönn, or við tönn, to grin scornfully, Edda 30, Nj. 182, Ó. H. 114; rjóða tönn á e-m, to redden one’s teeth, taste blood, metaph. from a beast of prey; hefi ek nú nakkvat roðit tönn á þeim er ek tók höndum Hákon jarl, Ó. …

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tönnla

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

að, to attack with the teeth, backbite, quarrel; … þér tönnlið ok upp etið hverr annan innbyrðis, Gal. v. 15; tönnlast og tyggjast, to quarrel.

töpun
Zoëga

f. perdition, = tapan.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see tapan.

törgu-
Zoëga

gen. from targa.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

see targa.

töstugr

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. harsh.

tötra-baggi
Zoëga

m. rag-bag.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a rag-bag, Fær. 186, Fms. ii. 59.

tötrugr
Zoëga

a. tattered, torn.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

adj. tattered, torn, Fas. i. 30, Hom. (St.)

tötrug-hypja

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

u, f. a tattered frock, Rm., Hkv. Hjörv.

töttra-bassi

No entry

Cleasby-Vigfusson

a, m. a ragamuffin, Glúm. 328.

TÖTURR
Zoëga

(pl. tötrar), m. tatters, rags; tattered garment.

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., dat. tötri, pl. tötrar; or better tötturr with tt, and so töttrar, Barl. 60, l. 5; töttrug, Hkv. 1. 43 (Bugge); hvatt and töttra make a rhyme, Fms. vii. 153; [Engl. tatters]

1. tatters, rags; margir tötrar saman vafðir, Fær. 187; vefju saumaða saman af mörgum tötrum, Fbr. 92 new Ed.; slitnum tötri, Bs. i. 381; svartr fats-töturr, 506; undan tötrum hans, því hann var ílla klaeddr, Fas. i. 230; var þar ekki í nema tötrar ok þat er öngu var nýtt, Fms. vi. 379, vii. 153 (in a verse).

2. hence mod. tetr, n. in speaking to one, poor! poor thing! so and so; tetrið, tetrið að tarna!

COMPDS: tötrabaggi, töttrabassi.

tœnaðr
Zoëga

(gen. -ar), m. help, assistance (biðja e-n tœnaðar).

Cleasby-Vigfusson

m., tœnað and bœn make a rhyme, Likn. 8, Lil. 82; [tœja or týja]:—help, assistance; biðja tænaðar, Sturl. iii. 278; fullting eðr tænað, H. E. i. 502, Fms. x. 238, Bs. i. 215, 355; án manna tænaði, Mar. tænaðar-maðr, m. a helper, Stj. 157, Bs. i. 240.