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a, m. [A. S. Uffa], a pr. name and a nickname, Skjöld. S., Skíða R.; Úlfr er ubbi var kallaðr, Fms. xi. 212.
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f. a pr. name, = Unnr: as masc. Uðr, a son of the Night, Edda.
(-ða, -at), v.
1) to fear, suspect (eigi uggi ek brœðr þína);
eigi uggi (imperat.) þú Ísungsbana, fear thou not the slayer of Í.;
~ ekki (lítt, fátt) at sér, to apprehend no danger, be off one’s guard;
er þat ~nda, at, it is to be feared that;
2) impers., mik uggir, at, I fear that.
pres. uggi; pret. uggði; subj. yggði; imperat. uggi; part. uggat:—to fear, suspect, apprehend; ugga e-n, uggi eigi þú (fear thou not) Isungs-bana, Hkv. 1. 20; eigi uggi ek bræðr þína, Fas. i. 289; kann vera at þeir uggi oss, Rd. 226; ef maðr uggir. eigi andvitni mót, Gþl. 475; ugga sér e-t, to apprehend; ef hann yggði sér áljót eðr fjörrán, Grág. i. 493; þeir uggðu alls ekki at sér, to apprehend no danger, be off one’s guard, Nj. 252, Fms. i. 117, Ld. 262; er þat ugganda (gerund.), it is to be feared, Fms. ii. 286, xi. 98; þeim er ugganda (hugganda Cod.), at, = ‘metuendum est, ne,’ Hom. 13: with infin., ugga, at viðinn mundi skorta, Fms. vii. 97.
2. impers., mik uggir, at …, it fears me, I fear that …, Ísl. ii. 146; hitt mik uggir hann komi eigi aptr heill, Skíða R.
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a, m. a fin of a rish; eyr-uggi, a fore fin; bak-uggi, a back fin; the word seems, strange to say, not to occur in old writers; cp. the following word.
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or uggaðr, part. ‘finned,’ provided with fins; hjalt-u. (q. v.)
m. fear, apprehension; ~ er mér á, at = mik uggir, at.
m. fear, apprehension; mér er uggr á, at …, Fms. i. 285; hræzlu-uggr, Mar.; görðisk mönnum mikill uggr á um samþykki konunganna, Fms. vi. 221, x. 410; ala ugg of e-t, Edda (in a verse); ráða af hendi mér þenna ugg, Fms. i. 84: allit., með ugg ok ótta, Phil, ii. 12.
2. = Yggr, a name of Odin, Edda.
adj., in ör-uggr, q. v.
a. fearless, unconcerned.
adj. fearless, unconcerned, without apprehension, Harms. 46: neut. ugglaust, as adv. no doubt, undoubtedly, forsooth, Rekst. 6, and freq. in mod. usage.
a.
1) to be feared (e-t þykkir uggligt);
2) doutbtful, questionable (er þat uggligt, hvárt þú ferr í lofi mínu).
adj. [hence Engl. ugly (?)], to be feared; e-t þykkir uggligt, Fms. iii. 129, Greg. 25, Eb. (in a verse); þat þykki mér uggligt, at ek þurfa skamma hrið ráð at göra fyrir jarli þessum, Orkn. 418: in Fs. 22 read ú-glíkt.
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adj. = uggligr, Fær. 116.
f. owl (uglur gular al klóm ok nefi, en svartar at lit).
u, f. [A. S. ule; Engl. owl; Germ. eule; Dan. ugle; Lat. ŭlŭla]:—an owl, Al. 169; nátt-ugla.
II. metaph. a hook-formed clothes-peg is called ugla, from the resemblance to an owl’s beak.
2. a part of a ship, a tally (?).
(dat. ullu), f. wool.
f., dat. ullu; [Goth. wulla; A. S. wull; Engl. wool; O. H. G. wolla; Germ. wolle; Dan.-Swed. uld or ull; cp. Lat. vellus]:—wool, Fms. v. 314, Fs. 44; sauða-ullar, Grág. i. 505; í ullu eða gærum, K. Þ. K. 148; fé gilt ok í ullu, Grág. i. 503; ullar-tíund, H. E. i. 395; ær ok af ullin, Sturl. i. 159; hvít, svört, mórauð, mislit ull; haust-ull: greiða, tægja, kemba, spinna ull.
2. with gen. woollen; ullar-skyrta, ullar-sokkar, ullar-peysa, etc.
COMPDS: ullar-hnoðri, ullar-lagðr, m. a flock or lock of wool, Grett. 127, Edda 74. ullar-reyfi, n. a fleece, Ver. 25, Grág. ii. 401.
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m. a tree, = yllir, Edda (Gl.)
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and Ulli, m. [akin to Goth. wulþus = glory], the name of one of the gods, the step-son of Thor, Edda, Gm. 2. Ulli, a dimin. = Erlendr, Hkr. i, see Gramm.
n. woollen yarn.
n. woollen yarn, Fas. iii. 240.
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or ullar-góðr, adj. of good wool or well-fleeced.
a. white as wool (~ á hár).
adj. white as wool, Fms. x. 321.
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m. wool-hood, a nickname, Vápn.
m. wool-comb.
(ullar-kambr), m. a wool-comb, Fas. iii. 471, Grett. 91, Blas. 44.
m. wool-basket.
m. a wool-chest, Orkn. 28.
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m. a nickname, Fms. x.
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m. a nickname, Fms. vii.
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n. soft wool (see þel), Pm. 61.
older umb, prep. with acc. and dat.
I. with acc.
1) around (slá hring um e-n);
2) about, all over (hárit féll um hana alla); um allar sveitir, all over the country; mikill um herðar, large about the shoulders, broad-shouldered; liggja um akkeri, to ride at anchor;
3) of proportion; margir voru um einn, many against one; um einn hest voru tveir menn, two men to each horse;
4) round, past, beyond, with verbs denoting motion (sigla vestr um Bretland); leggja um skut þessu skipi, to pass by this ship; ríða um tún, to pass by a place;
5) over, across, along (flytja e-n um haf); kominn um langan veg, come from a long way off; ganga um gólf, to cross the floor (but also to walk up and down the floor); slá, er lá um þvert skipit, a beam that lay athwart the ship; um kné sér, across the knee; e-t er hœgt um hönd, gives little trouble, is ready to hand;
6) of time, during, in the course of (um messuna, um þingit, um sumarit); þat var um nótt, by night; um nætr sem um daga, by night as well as day; lengra en fara megi um dag, in the course of one day;
7) at a point of time (hann kom at höllinni um drykkju); …
1. an enclytic particle, see ‘of,’ p. 462, col. 2.
2. adv. too; see ‘of,’ p. 462, col. 2, and p. 463, col. 1.
older umb, prep. with acc. and dat.
I. with acc.
1) around (slá hring um e-n);
2) about, all over (hárit féll um hana alla); um allar sveitir, all over the country; mikill um herðar, large about the shoulders, broad-shouldered; liggja um akkeri, to ride at anchor;
3) of proportion; margir voru um einn, many against one; um einn hest voru tveir menn, two men to each horse;
4) round, past, beyond, with verbs denoting motion (sigla vestr um Bretland); leggja um skut þessu skipi, to pass by this ship; ríða um tún, to pass by a place;
5) over, across, along (flytja e-n um haf); kominn um langan veg, come from a long way off; ganga um gólf, to cross the floor (but also to walk up and down the floor); slá, er lá um þvert skipit, a beam that lay athwart the ship; um kné sér, across the knee; e-t er hœgt um hönd, gives little trouble, is ready to hand;
6) of time, during, in the course of (um messuna, um þingit, um sumarit); þat var um nótt, by night; um nætr sem um daga, by night as well as day; lengra en fara megi um dag, in the course of one day;
7) at a point of time (hann kom at höllinni um drykkju); …
umb, of, prep. (sounded umm); umb is used in the oldest vellums (the Eluc., Greg., Miracle-book, Jb.), and occurs now and then in later vellums (e. g. Orkn. 218, Fms. x. 378, xi. 63, 64), perh. from being a transcript of an old vellum; in rhymes, umb, trumbu, Fms. viii. (in a verse of A. D. 1184); for of see ‘of’ at p. 462, col. 2: [A. S. ymbe; Germ. um; um and yfir (q. v.) are identical.]
WITH ACC.
A. Around; silki-hlað um höfuð, Ld. 188; um höfuð henni, 36; hafa um sik belti, Nj. 91, 184; um herðar sér, Ld. 56; leggja linda umb kistu, leggja lindann umb enn vanheila mann, Bs. i. 337; gyrða um sik, Sks.; beta strengi um ásenda … festa endana um steina, Nj. 115; vefjask um fótinn, Fms. iv. 335; upp um herðarnar, Eg. 580; göra garð of engi, Grág. ii. 288; lykja um akra ok eng, Eg. 529; skjóta um hann skjaldborg, Nj. 274; slá hring um e-n, 275, Eg. 88; fara í hring um skipit, Ld. 56; taka um hönd e-m, Ó. H. 176; þar var poki um útan, Ld. 188; honum vefsk tunga um höfuð, Nj. 160; vefsk tunga um tönn (see tönn) … strjúka dúki um augu, Fms. v. 326, Fs. 114 (in a verse); …
Shortened here. Read the full article →
prep., see um.
see um.
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m. [hugr], care, concern, Hom. (St.)
a. neglected; umhyggjulaust, adv. carelessly.
adj. careless, Fms. vi. 204.
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adj. id., Pass.
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m. an overseer, Hom. (St.)
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(-semi, f.), adj. thoughtful, painstaking.
m. unfavourable rumour.
a, m. [akin to ymr, q. v.], a noise, rumour; uma þann er á lék, Fb. iii. 318.
(að), v. to mutter, mumble (hann umlaði við).
að, to mutter, mumble; hann umlaði við, Fms. vi. 372.
m. slanderer.
m. a gossipper, slanderer, Hom. (St.)
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adj. backbiting (spelt umlassamr), Hom. (St.)
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a, m. = umi; umla-samr, 686 B. 2; read umles-samr, q. v.
a. unprovided for.
adj. unprovided for, Háv. 55.
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m. a boy under guardianship, D. N. ii. 138.
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adj. active, bustling.
m. an active man (hann var umsvifsmaör mikill um bú sitt).
m. an active man; u. mikill um bú sitt, Háv. 52.
m.
1) man of business, active man (~ mikill);
2) steward, manager (hann var þá ~ í Reykjaholti).
m. an active man, a man of business; þú ert umsýslumaðr mikill ok hagr vel, Fms. i. 290, Eg. 4: a manager, steward, Sturl. ii. 145; umsýslumaðr um fé e-s, Grág. i. 336.
a. active, busy (væn kona ok umsýslumikil).
-samr, adj. active, busy, Brandkr. 63.
f. care about a thing (~ ok forráð staðarins).
f. care about a thing, a looking after it, Lv. 74.
n. bandage (~ um sár).
n. a bandage, Korm. 90, Ó. H. 219.
prep. and adv. = umhverfis.
adv. = umhverfis.
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adj. flexible, Skálda.
n. charge, commission (fá e-m ~ sitt).
n. a charge, commission, administration by a delegacy; hafa u. af eigandi, Grág. ii. 374; taka u. konungs, Fms. ix. 458; fá e-m u. sitt, Eg. 590, Ó. H. 105; göra e-t at umboði e-s, Ver. 31; stjórn ok u. af hans hendi, Eg. 18, Sd. 184 (of a minor’s property).
2. a stewardship; í Fljóta-umboði hundrað kúgilda, Dipl. iii. 4; esp. in mod. times, when a king’s domains were divided into such ‘umboð.’ umboðs-maðr, m. a trusty manager, K. Á. 206, Fms. ix. 243: a commissary, konungs u., vi. 33; biskups u., H. E. ii. 49; tvá umbodsmenn (stewards) munklífisins, Fms. iii. 61: in mod. usage a manager of the king’s domains.
f.
1) mending, bettering;
2) esp. plur. repairs (þurfa ~a).
f., esp. in plur. repairs, Gþl. 416; þurfa umbóta, Bs. i. 693: a mending, bettering, Fms. iv. 262, vi. 208, Sturl. iii. 3 C, Gþl. iv. (pref., where it means an emendation), umbótar-maðr, m. one who mends matters, Sturl. iii. 3, Fms. x. 110, Bs. i. 651.
f. change.
f. a change, Fas. i. 81, freq. in mod. usage.
n. pl. violent struggle, convulsion.
n. pl. a violent struggle, convulsion (brjótask um), Finnb. 342, Fbr. 173: of physical changes, Sks. 148; sá ek þar búðar-toptir margar ok umbrot mikil, I saw a great levelling, i. e. all turned upside down, Nj. 162.
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að, and um-bun, f. a reward; see ömbuna.
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m., in umburðar-lyndi, n. forbearance.
f.
1) apparatus, equipment;
2) arrangement, preparation (þeir tóku strengina ok veittu þessa ~ alla).
f. [búa um], an apparatus, equipment, furniture, Fms. x. 373, Fas. iii. 30; þá verðr ú-heilög sú umbúð, Grág. ii. 350: a preparation, arrangement, þeir tóku strengina ok veittu þessa umbúð alla, Nj. 115; taka þeir þessa u. sem Pálnatóki gaf ráð til, Fms. xi. 66; konungr lét þá veita u. nökkura, v. 167.
2. mod., esp. in plur., wrapper, bandage, cover, Lat. involucrum.
m.
1) = umbúð;
2) burial (gröftr eða ~);
3) bed; var honum veitir hœgligr ~, a soft bed.
m. = umbúð, Sks. 402, 405, Fms. vii. 147, Stj. 638; veita sári umbúnað, to bandage a wound, Fas. i. 222, Eg. 35 (of a dead body); gröptr eða u., burial, Fms. v. 94; sofa í góðum umbúnaði, i. 69; var honum veittr hægligr u. (a soft bed) ok sofnar hann brátt, Odd.; u. á skipi til varnar, Sks. 397 B; sá u., Fms. xi. 34; er þessum umbúnaði var lokit, 35; allan umbúnað þeirra Hákonar, vii. 256; sprakk út annat auga ór umbúnaðinum, out of the eye-socket, Mar.: = dyri-umbúnaðr, a doorway, Stj. 415: a case or covering, Pm. 10, see umbúð.
m. = umbúnaðr; outfit (var henni veitir ~, sem hón þurfti at hafa).
m. = umbúnaðr, Rb. 378, H. E. i. 298: a bandage, Fas. i. 222: trimmings, outfittings, var henni veittr u. (she was fitted out) sem hón þurfti at hafa til at fremja seiðinn, Þorf. Karl. 376; breyta umbúningi sínum, to change one’s trim, Orkn. 274.
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f. a turning upside down.
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t, to mend, D. N. iii. 419.
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or um-batan, f. an amendment, Bs. i. 292.
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m., gramm. = catachresis, Skálda.
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n. = ofdyri (q. v.), a lintel, Hom. 82.
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n. (umb-dæmi, Fms. xi. 83, 84), an adjustment; unna e-m sæmda ok umdæmis, Fb. iii. 450.
2. a charge, business; sem nefndir eru með. svörnum eiði til þessa umdæmis (viz. to elect a king), Gþl. 75.
3. a jurisdiction, mod., cp. Landn. 334 (App.)
f. poet., ~ arins, ‘hearth’s dew’, soot.
f., poët., u. arins, ‘hearth-dew,’ i. e. smoke, Gkv. 2. 23.
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að, to embrace, mod. Dan. om-favne.
n. struggle, bustle.
n. a struggle, Karl. 158, Fb. i. 260, Finnb. 266, Th. 76: a bustle, u. sitt ok raup, Grett. 135 A. umfangs-mikill, adj. unruly, making a great noise, Finnb. 222, Grett. 98 A; u. ok gárungr, 144 A.
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n. one course or round of boards in a building, Boldt 165: esp. of boards in a ship, D. N. v. 597.
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n., botan. the creeping vetch, Björn.
f. circuit, round journey.
f. a circuit, round, journey, Stj. 3: vagrancy, ekki linnir umferðunum um Fljótsdalinn enn, Stef. Ól.; umferðar-maðr, a journeyman, Gþl. 369; umferðar piltr, Fas. ii. 418.
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part. surrounded by water.
prep. with acc.
1) above, beyond (~ aðra menn);
2) as adv. besides (tólf menn ok lögsögumaðr ~); ríða ~, to ride by; at hvárigir gangi þar ~, trespass beyond that;
3) ~ um or of, beyond; vera ~ of aðra menn, to excel others.
umb-fram, Íb. 7, D. I. i. 476: prep. and adv., with acc. beyond, above, Fms. vi. 321; u. aðra menn, Bs. i. 36; u. alla menn, Fms. i. 81, vii. 228, Eg. 146, Band. 39 new Ed., Sks. 455. K. Á. 58.
2. besides, over and above; þat sem u. gengr, the surplus, Hb. 415. 9, Eg. 59; tólf menn ok lögsögu-maðr u., Grág. i. 4, Landn. 161, Nj. 250, Jb. 7.
3. umfram um; u. um klæðnað sinn, Grág. i. 250; vera u. of aðra menn, to excel others, Fms. x. 381; u. of eljun annarra manna, Hkr. iii. 349, v. l.; umfram of þat es áðr es sagt, D. I. l. c.
4. adverb., ríða umfram, to pass by, Nj. 261; fara u., Gþl. 262; at hvárigir gangi þar umfram, trespass beyond that, O. H. 53.
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u, f. a passing over, H. E. i. 459; umgöngu maðr, a husbandman, 515.
m.
1) a passage round a building;
2) management, care.
m. [Dan. omgang = conversation], a circuit, a passage round, of a building, = skot, q. v.; í hennar (the churches) umgöngum eða forhúsi, H. E. i. 510, Mar., D. N. v. 722.
2. management; með umgangi ok sáttar-boðum góðra manna, Eb. 128; hlíta hans forsjá ok umgangi, Grett. 98 A; vanrækja allan umganginn (all the husbandry), Fms. xi. 423. umgangs-maðr, m., mikill u., a great husbandman, good manager of the household, Fas. ii. 347.
n. management, care.
n. management; með u. e-s, Ísl. ii. 38.
f.
1) sheath, scabbard;
2) mounting, frame.
or um-gjörð, f. (rhymed umgerð sverði, Hallfred), a sheath, scabbard, Fms. i. 15, ii. 51, vii. 298, Ld. 204, N. G. L. ii. 255, Ísl. ii. 39.
2. = umbúnaðr, Barl. 21; u. á hjálmi, Karl. 91.
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part. [gaupn], the compasser of, Geisli.
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spelt umb-gjöf, f. a gift, Clem. 45.
m. ‘digging round’, searching.
m. a digging round, searching, Krók. 51 C.
(-rða, -rðr), v. to encircle, surround.
ð, to encircle, surround, Sks. 628 B.
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n. pl. a circuit, Lex. Poët.
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m. a landlouper, Sturl. iii. 28, v. l.
2. of the weather, changeable, stormy weather; það er umhleypinga-samt, stormar og umhleypingar.
n. a looking round; hversu þar var ~s, how it looked there.
n. a looking round, in the phrase, hversu þar var umhorfs, how did it look, Þjal. 6.
f. reflection.
f. reflexion, Fms. i. 229.
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n. a circuit, round, N. G. L. i. 36.
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ð, to turn inside out.
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n. = umfar; tvau eðr þrjú u., D. N. i. 477.
prep. and adv.
1) with acc. round, all around (settu þeir lið sitt ~ borgina);
2) as adv., þar ~, allt ~, there about, all around.
conj. and adv. (umb-verfis, Plac. 49, MS. 623. 39; umb-hverfis, Rb. 1812. 66, Grág. (Kb.) i. 211; um-vergis, Stj. 177, 192, 206; um-verbis, Blas. 39; um-bergis, a form prevalent in the 14th century, Bs. ii. passim, Mar., Karl. 189, Fb. ii. 309, Nj. 88, 198, v. l.):—all around, with acc.; u. hann, Fms. vii. 191; u. húsin, Nj. 198; u. landit, Fms. xi. 411, Nj. 88; kirkja á tjöld u. sik, Vm. 69; u. himininn, Rb. 132.
2. as adverb.; gékk mikill mann-fjölði þar u., Fms. viii. 377; þar er djúpt vatn u., Grág. ii. 131; festir skildir u., Eg. 43; þar er hraun allt u., Nj. 264; stutt hár u., Fms. viii. 29; allt u. í hring, all around, iv. 160.
prep. and adv. = umhverfis.
adv. = umhverfis, Fms. viii. 322, 347, 377 (v. l.), Bjarn. 62, Orkn. 428.
f. care (þeir vilja svipta þik várri umhyggju ok forsjá).
u, f. [Dan. omhu], thoughtfulness, care; svipta þik várri umhyggju ok forsjá, Bs. i. 40; með ástsemd ok föðurligri umhyggju, Dipl. i. 2.
COMPDS: umhyggjulauss, umhyggjulítill, umhyggjumaðr, umhyggjusamr.
n. exchange, barter.
n. exchange, barter (Dan. bytte), Bs. i. 751.
n. exchange, barter.
n. = umkaup, Fms. iii. 51.
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adj. helpless.
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f. a surrounding; umkringingar mál = periphrasis, Skálda.
prep. with acc. = umhverfis.
adv. = umhverfis, [Dan. omkring], Symb. 58, Dipl. ii. 1, Art. 28.
(-ða, -ðr), v. to surround.
ð, to surround, Rb. 132, Sks. 198, Fms. xi. 435.
n. term, expression, wording.
n. [Dan. om-kvæde = burden of a song], a term, expression, wording; þau orð ok u., sem hann má frekust hafa, Ísl. ii. 149.
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f. a leading round, Stj. 377.
f. a seeking for, negotiation (sætta ~).
f. a seeking for, negociation, Ó. H. 58; hafa u. við vini sína, Fms. ix. 242, 406, v. l.; sætta u., Orkn. 272; var um sættir leitað … með u. margra manna, Valla L. 215; at þú komir mér í sætt við jarl með þeirri u. at …, Fs. 9.
n. = ~tr.
n. (lesa um e-n, Hm.), Old Engl. leasing = slander.
COMPDS: umlesmaðr, umlessamr.
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m. = umles, Stj. 155, 291, Stat. 238; með öfund ok umlestri, Bs. i. 790.
pp. past, of time.
part. past, of time; see líða.
f. course of time.
f. a passing by, of the time, Stj. 49.
n.
1) circumference;
2) what is said or uttered, = ummæli.
n. = ummæli (q. v.), Sturl. iii. 295, Bjarn. 58.
2. a circumference, Stj. 564.
n.
1) a marking out (setja stengr til ummerkja);
2) boundary.
n. a marking out; settar stengr til ummerkja, Eg. 275: a boundary, landmark, til þeirra ummerkja, Jb. 229; Hóla, með þessum rekum ok ummerkjum, Dipl. ii. 1, Stj. 405, 440: the phrase, sjá vegs ummerki (verks of merki), Orkn. 220; vegs ummerki (verks of merki, v. l.), Nj. 28, Fb. i. 209, 260.
(-ta, -tr), v. to bound, form the boundary of.
t, to make a landmark, Stj. 560.
neut. pl. utterances, words said (þér skuluð ráða yðrum ummælum).
n. pl. utterances, a declaration, Nj. 56, Bs. i. 141, Fms, vi. 7, 199, vii. 95; sakir ummæla konungs, id.; þér skulut ráða yðrum ummælum, en ek mun því ráða hvat ek tala, Ísl. ii. 167; kunnu vér þökk þinna ummaela, 392, Finnb. 358. ummsela-laust, n. adj. blameless; varð þat aldrei u., it was talked of, got an evil report, Sturl. i. 63.
f. circumference.
f. = ummál, a circumference, Rb. 476, Hb. 415. 18.
n. pl. = ummæli.
n. pl. = ummerki, Bs. i. 742.
n.
1) consideration;
2) guidance, management (með, eptir ~i e-s);
3) pl. deliberation, consultation; þykkir mér at þér mikit traust til ~a, for consultation.
umb-ráð, n. guidance, management; með umbráði Markúss lögsögu-manns, Íb. 16; hann hefir umbráð um ferð þeirra, Ísl. ii. 343; eptir umráði biskups, K. Á. 214; skipa manni á pall á bak sér til umráða, for consultation, Grág. i. 8; skipa tveim mönnum í Lögréttu til umráða með sér, 5; einn dag til umráða, Eg. 279: a commission, Herodes hafði ríki at umráði Rómverja, Rb. 402.
f. course (~ sólar).
f. a round, course, circuit, Sks. 42.
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rann, to pass round, Rb. 362: um-rennendr, part. a marauder, Fms. iv. 168.
m. vagrant, marauder.
part. used as subst. a vagrant, Þórð. 43 new Ed.: a scout, marauder, Ó. H. 71, Sturl. ii. 75, Fms. viii. 329, 439.
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u, f., umb-ræða, Fms. v. 207, Nj. (Lat.) 314, v. l.:—a discourse, talk, Nj. 112, Ld. 76, Fms. ii. 37, vi. 227; leggja í umræðu, to discuss, Orkn. 426; lýk ek hér umræðu (the discussion) raddarstafanna, Skálda. umræðu-verðr, adj. worthy of remark, Sturl. i. 101, Sks. 101.
n. = umráð.
n. = umráð, Hom, 111, Sks. 672 B, Anecd. 74.
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adj. worth mentioning, worthy of mention, Sks. 101 B.
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f. (pl. umsetr, Str. 29), [sitja], an ambush, waylaying, Fær. 134, Fms. i. 181, vi. 152, viii. 427, x. 293, 348, Valla L. 226 (Cod. umsátur for umsátir, wrongly): metaph., þeir veittu opt umsátir at eyða sínum fjánd-mönnum, Fms. viii. 436.
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n., mod. = umsát.
f. siege (~ Jórsalaborgar).
u, f. = umsát, a siege, Ver. 43.
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part. pl. used as subst. ‘round-sitters,’ neighbours; heimamenn ok umsitendr, Sturl. ii. 94.
f. oversight, care, supervision (veita e-m ~).
f. (um-sjó, Grett. 103 A), gen. umsjá, Bs. i. 131; later umsjár, Fb. ii. 200, l. 7:—oversight, care, provision, supervision, Þórð. 13 new Ed., Fms. vi. 104; veita e-m u., Eg. 321; heita trausti ok u., Nj. 260, Bs. i. 131; með ráðum ok umsjá e-s, Fb. ii. 123.
COMPDS: umsjálauss, umsjásveinn.
f. = umsjá.
f. = umsjá, Karl. 13, is the mod. form.
m. = umsjár.
m. the surrounding sea, the ocean, main, Pr. 409.
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skar, to circumcise, (mod.)
n. change, turn (~ hafa nú orðit).
n. a change, turn; íllt u., Fms. ii. 119; því u., vi. 346; þá er u. orðit með þeim, Hrafn. 28: mostly in plur., skjót u., Fms. ii. 158; göra u. á e-u, Gþl. 12; dásamlig u., Magn. 532; nökkur u., Ld. 254; börðusk þeir lengi, svá at eigi urðu u., an indecisive battle, Nj. 122; þar til er u. yrði með þeim, Finnb. 332, 338.
a. shifty, changeful.
adj. shifty, changeful, Mar., Fms. viii. 16, v. l.
f. change.
f. = umbreyting, Stj. 242.
f. circumcision.
f. = umskurn, Geisli, Hom. (St.)
m. circumcision.
m. circumcision, Symb. 22, Stj. 116.
f. circumcision.
f. = umskurðr.
(-ða, -ðr), v. to overshadow.
ð, to overshadow, Hom. 31.
m. outlooker, scout.
a, m. an outlooker, scout, Stj. 522.
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f. an overlooking, inspection, D. N.; umskygningar-maðr, a scout, Stj. 522, v. l.
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f. an explanation, H. E. i. 395.
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f. a levelling, Stj. 142.
f. circumcision.
f. circumcision, Stj.: um-sníða, sneið, to circumcise, Hom. (St.)
v. to overthrow.
sneri, to turn inside out.
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f. = Gr.-Lat. metathesis, transposition, Skálda.
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f. = yfirsókn, Eg. 177, v. l.
m. pl. slanderers, disparagers.
part. pl. used as subst. slanderers, disparagers, Fms. ix. 282, 449, 454 (umspilla-menn, v. l.)
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n. a bustle, trouble.
n. guidance, management.
n. = tilstilli, Fms. vi. 275, Fbr. 117, Al. 156.
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f. pl. machinations, Ó. H. (in a verse).
n. activity.
n. pl. activity, bustle.
COMPDS: umsvifsmaðr, umsvifamikill.
f. occupation, assistance, aid (hét hann sinni umsýslu við föður sinn).
and umb-sýsla, u, f. occupation, management, Ld. 26; hann hét umsýslu sinni við föður sinn, Eg. 174, Fær. 67; þeir hétu honum umbsýslo sinni, Íb. 10.
COMPDS: umsýslumaðr, umsýslumikill.
n. talk, conversation (er hann heyrði ~ manna).
n. talk, conversation; er hann heyrði u. manna, Fms. ii. 283; með umtali (gossip) vándra manna, Orkn. 162. umtals-mál, n. a thing proper for discussion, to be talked of, Grett. 133 A, 155.
(að), v. to turn upside down, upset.
að, to turn upside down, upset, Fms. xi. 435, Stj. 123.
f. upsetting.
f. a turning upside down, upsetting, Stj. 15.
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f. pl. persuasions; með vinsæld hans ok umtölum, persuasions, Fms. i. 32; eggjan hans ok umtölur, vi. 47; við umtölur góðra manna, Nj. 267.
f. reprimand, admonition.
um-vöndun, f. a reprimand, MS. 625. 94; veita u., Bs. i. 166; dómr eða u., 759.
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n. a fence.
(-nda, -ndr), v. to turn about, change.
d, to turn about, change, Stj. 91, 179: um-vendan, f. conversion.
f. conversion.
f. a turning inside out, Thom. 414.
prep. and adv. = umbergis.
see umhverfis.
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n. a bustle, turmoil, Úlf. 1. 19.
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m. growth, circumference, Landn. 275, v. l.
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f. a thinking about, (mod.)
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f. a touch, Post. 415.
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see um-annan.
(uni, unda, unat), v.
1) to be content in a place (Tumi undi eigi í Flateyju);
2) to dwell, abide, in a biblical sense (~ í helgum friði);
3) to enjoy, be happy in, content with a thing;
þeir undu illa sínum hlut, they were much dissatisfied with their lot;
~ lífi, to enjoy life;
~ vel við ráð sitt, to be content with one’s lot;
uni (imperat.) þú vel við, be content!
~ sér, ~ við sik, to be happy, feel at ease;
~ lítt eptir e-n, to feel deeply the loss (death) of a person.
pres. uni; pret. unði, later undi; subj. ynði; imperat. uni, Glúm. 354, Fas. i. 146, Eb. l. c.; part. unat: [a Goth. wunan is assumed from the participle unwunands = ἀδημονων, Phil. ii. 26; the word prop. means to dwell, abide; A. S. wunian; Old Engl. to wone; Germ. wohnen]:—to abide, dwell; börn áttu þau bjoggu ok unðu, dwelt and abode, Rm.; fiskr unir í flóði, the fish lives in water. Gm.; hér munda ek eðli una, Fsm.
2. to dwell, abide, in a Biblical sense; með Guði unir sá er unir í helgum friði, Hom. 5; una skolu vér í elsku Guðs ok náungs, … sá er unir í ástinni í Guði unir ok Guð í honum, Hom. (St.), rendering of Lat. manet.
II. but mostly, as in the Goth. word above cited, in a special sense, to dwell on, enjoy, be happy in, content with a thing, with dat.; þangat sem hann hafði áðr lengst verit ok sínu ráði bezt unat, Fms. i. 135; Gullharaldr undi þá miklu verr enn áðr, was still less at his ease, 83; gamni mær unði, enjoyed her luck, Hbl.; at hóm sér né ynðit, Am. 54; hvártki sér unði, 86; una lífi, to enjoy life, Hkv. 1. 54; eigðú um aldr þat ok uni dóttir, Gkv. …
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m. and unað, n.; eilíft unað, Hom. (St.); æzta unað, Sól. 71; lítið unað, Skv. 1. 46: rarer unaðr, m., Eluc. 49, and so in mod. usage, although unan (q. v.) is more freq.: [A. S. wyn; Germ. wonne; Dan. ynde]:—delight, happiness; friðar fagnaðar, ok unaðs, 623. 22; öllum þykkir unat í, á at heyra, Fb. i. 348; unaðr es, Eluc. 49; eilífs unaðar, 625. 188; með unaði ok inndæli, 168; slikt er æzta unað, Sól.; í Paradísar unað, Hom. (St.); unaðs-bót, skömm unaðs-bót, a short delight, Fms. xi. 329; unaðs hilmr, a sweet smell, Eluc. 54; unaðs-sýn, a happy sight, 53; unaðs-vist, a happy home, Bs. i. 146; cp. ynði.
a. delightful;
adj. delightful, Greg. 30, Eluc. 45, Sturl. i. 206 C, Fas. iii. 87, Mar.
a. delightful;
unaðsamar vistir, a happy home.
adj. delightful; auðræði ok unaðsamar vistir, a happy home, Bs. i. 146 (better unaðs vistir, see the foot-note).
f. charm, delight.
(-semi, 655 xxvi. 1), f. a charm, delight; blómgaða með allri u., Fms. i. 137; eilíf u., Th. 6, Stj. 15; unaðsemdar vist = unaðs vist, Mar. (655 xxxii. 1).
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and unun, f. a charm, delight (Germ. wonne), freq.; this is the current mod. form. ununar-samr, adj. delightful, Fas. iii. 644.
I)
(pl. -ir), f. wound (undir dreyrgar); cf. holund, mergund.
II)
prep. under; see undir.
1. f. [Goth. wunds = wounded and wundufni = μάστιξ; A. S. wund; Engl. wound; O. H. G. wunta; Germ. wunde]:—a wound; undir svella, Skv. 3. 68; undir dreyrgar, 32; blóð hljóp ór undinni. Eg. 216, Sæm. 179; taka vápnit ór undinni, Gísl. 22; hann beit yðr stóra und, Fas. ii. 378; tók at láta í undum þeim er vóru fyrir brjóstinu, Róm. 232; hol-und, merg-und. This word is little used in prose, having been superseded by the word sár, a sore: in poët. circumlocutions, unda-log, und-bál, und-leygr, wound-fire, i. e. weapons; und-bára, -gjálfr, -lögr, a wound-wave, i. e. blood; und-reyr, -fleinn, -linnr, = a wound-reed, wound-snake, a sword; und-gagl, a carrion bird, Lex. Poët. unda-fífill, m., botan. hawkweed, hieracium.
2. prep., see undir.
pp. wounded (geiri, sverði ~); cf. hjör~.
part. wounded; geiri undaðr, Hm. 139; vápn-u., hjör-u., sword-wounded, Skv. 3. 46, Hkr. i. (in a verse).
prep. with dat. and adv.
1) from under, from beneath;
hann hjó ~ honum fótinn, he cut his leg off;
hann spratt upp ~ borðinu, he sprang up from (sitting at) the table;
hann spratt upp ~ garðinum, from under the fence;
halda skipum ~ landi, to stand aivayfrom the shore;
2) without motion;
skerit var út ~ firðinum, the skerry was just off the mouth of the fjord;
G. prestr ~ Felli, from Fell;
3) from, away;
snúa ~ e-m, to turn away from;
heimta fé mitt ~ Hrúti, to claim my property out of Hrut’s hands;
4) ahead of, before (ganga, fara ~ e-m);
5) as adv. (hann lætr fara ~ sauðfé þat, er skjarrast var);
komast ~, to escape.
prep. with dat. and adv. from under, from underneath; hann kastaði í pallinn undan sér hásætinu, he threw the cushion away from the seat he sat on, Nj. 175; hjó undan honum fótinn, cut his foot from under him, cut his leg off, 9; madr kippti fótum undan honum, svá at hann féll, Fms. ii. 149; hann hafði rétt fingrinn út undan húðinni, Nj. 208; berjask undan skildi eða buklara, Sks. 374 B; hann spratt upp undan borðinu, he sprang up from the table, Nj. 152; spratt upp u. garðinum, up from under the fence, where he had been hidden, 170; róa fram undan eyjunni, Fms. ii. 305; sjá þeir renna skip undan eyjum fram, x. 205; halda skipum undan landi, to keep with his ship from under the land, stand off land, i. 225; gaf byr undan landi, Ísl. ii. 243; þá er hann var þrévetr, gékk hann eigi u. konum, Eb. 320; hestisk Þórólfr á hann en graðungrinn gékk eigi u. at heldr, 324 (of a vicious bull).
2. without motion, of position; skerit var út undan firðinum, the skerry was out at sea just off the fjord, Háv. 49; ísar liggja langt undan landi, lie off the land, Sks. 173 B; … skeri, þat er vika u. landi, Landn. 134; undan þríhyrningi, from (the farm) Th. …
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n., ~ fjár, taking invested money out of a person’s keeping.
n.; u. fjár, taking invested money out of a person’s keeping, Grág. i. 197.
n. device, subterfuge.
n. a device, subterfuge, Fms. i. 137, v. 286, x. 240, Lv. 65, Fs. 5, 97.
m. evasion, shirking.
m. a putting off, evasion, shirking, Fms. i. 115, ix. 251, x. 423, Eb. 114, Ó. H. 97: a shift, trick, H. E. i. 506.
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n. a breed; gott til undaneldis.
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a, m. a precursor.
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part. preceding.
f. means of escape.
f. a getting away from under, an escape, Njarð. 374, Sturl. iii. 71.
n. evasion.
= undandráttr, Post. (Unger) 96.
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n. = undanferð, Fas. i. 454.
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n, f. an evasion, Fms. vii. 115: a law phrase, a pleading one’s innocence, by ordeal or otherwise (færa II); skírsla eðr u., K. Á. 202, Fær. 201, Gþl. 550.
n. flight.
n. a flight, Rd. 312: a running before the wind, beint u.: in the phrase, það er hægt undanhaldit.
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adj. sloping.
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u, f. a shirk, shift, quibble, Bjarn. 16.
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n. a running away, Rd. 193.
f. escape.
u, f. an escape. Eg. 406, Fms. i. 136, vi. 421, ix. 387, x. 240, passim.
f. releasing, redemption.
f. a releasing, redemption, Grág. ii. 221, Fas. ii. 387.
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m. the lees and dregs in a cask.
n. excuse.
n. an excuse, Konr.
f. running away.
f. running away, Fs. 42.
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f. skimmed milk.
m. rowing away.
m. a rowing away, escaping, of one pursued, Fms. ii. 181.
adv. wonderfully, extraordinarily.
adv., qs. undrliga, [undr], wonderfully, extraordinary, Eg. 133, 769, Nj. 62, Orkn. 418, Ó. H. 220.
a. wonderful, extraordinary, marvellous.
adj. wonderful, extraordinary, Fms. i. 34, vi. 392, viii. 8, Eg. 47, Nj. 7, passim.
2. wonderful, marvellous, Blas. 47, Th. 10, Ld. 200, Edda i. 16.
from vinda.
part., from unna, in af-undinn.
prep. with dat. and acc.
I. with dat.
1) under;
þá brast í sundr jörð ~ hesti hans, the earth burst asunder under his horse;
þungr ~ árum, heavy to row;
þeir leita þeirra ok finna þá ~ eyju einni, they seek for them and find them under an island;
~ þeim hesti var alinn Eiðfaxi, that horse was the sire of E.;
2) fig. (~ þeim biskupi eru ellifu hundruð kirkna);
eiga ~ sér, to have under one, in one’s power;
eiga fé ~ e-m, to have money in his hands, deposited with him;
3) under, depending on;
orlög vár eru eigi ~ orðum þínum, our fate does not depend on thy words;
hann á vin ~ hverjum manni, he has a friend in every man;
4) ellipt. or adverbial usages;
vóru þau (Njáll ok Bergþóra) úbrunnin ~, they were unburned underneath;
meðan töður manna eru ~, whilst the hay is lying (mown, but not got in);
ef þér þœtti nökkut ~ um mik, if thou hast cared at all for me;
sól (dagr) er ~, the sun (day) is down, under the horizon;
væri oss mikit ~, at vér fengim liðsinni hans, it were worth much to us to get his help;
II. with acc.
1) under, underneath, denoting motion (var settr ~ hann stóll);
2) of time;
hrökk ~ miðdegi, it drew close to midday; …
prep. with dat. and acc.; an older monosyllabic und is often used in poets, Ls. 44, Hdl. 11, Þkv. 16, Hm. 58; und valkesti, und árum, Lex. Poët.; und hánum, Haustl.: unt = und, Akv. 26 (Bugge): [Ulf. undar; A. S., Engl., and Dan. under; O. H. G. untar; Germ. unter]:—under, underneath, below.
A. With dat., undir hesti hans, Nj. 158; tréit u. honum, underneath him, 202; mána vegr und hánum, Haustl.; skipit undir þeim, Háv. 42, Ld. 78; troða undir fótum, Fms. ii. 172; bera undir hendi sér, Eg. 237, Nj. 200; sverðit brotnaði undir hjaltinu, 43; sitja undir borðum, 68; róa undir seglum, Fms. viii. 131; skip þungt undir árum, heavy to row. Eg. 354; undir túngarði, Ld. 138; u. veggnum, Háv. 49; u. haugnum, Eb. 94; u. heiðinni, Eg. 277; fjöll undir jöklum, Fb. i. 540; liggja undir nesi einu, Nj. 43; undir garðinum, Njarð. 374; und kvernum, Ls. 44: und Miðgarði, Hdl. 11; undir Þríhyrningi, Nj. 89, 114; undir Hrauni, Eb. 52; undir Felli, Nj. 16, of places seated under a fell, Landn. passim.
2. hvárt þat fé hefði undir því kvikendi alizt, of a dam, Grág. ii. 312; undir þeim var alinn Freyfaxi, she (the mare) was the dam of F. …
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a. guileful, false.
adj. guileful, Fms, i. 219.
m. guileful man.
m. a guileful man, Fms. i. 20, x. 420, Fær. 17.
a. guileful.
adj. wily, false, Þórð. 69.
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u, f. an under-wave, the undertow of a wave.
m. suffragan bishop.
m. a suffragan bishop, H. E. i. 406.
f. suburb.
f. a suburb, Stj. 342.
n. subjugation, subjection.
u. a breaking down, subduing, subjection, Fms. iv. 84, Mar.
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f. an under-booth, cellar, D. N.: undir-bur, id., D. N. v. 283.
m. underdweller.
a, m. under-dwellers, Fms. ii. 149.
m. under-cupbearer.
a, m. an under-cupbearer, Karl. 327.
n. gulf, abyss.
n. an ‘underdeep,’ gulf, abyss, Sks. 151, 626, Skálda 209, Stj. 288, MS. 623. 33, Gen. i. 2.
a. covetous, making unfair gain.
adj. covetous, making unfair gain, Fms. vi. 191.
n. offspring, breed, of animals.
n. offspring, breed, of animals, Stj. 178.
n. subjects.
n. subjects, Fms. i. 201, iii. 48, Magn. 472.
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u, f., in undir-furðuligr, adj. shy; see undrfurða.
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f. craft, wiliness.
a. dealing underhand, false.
adj. dealing underhand, false, Fms. ii. 145, Fas. ii. 365.
pp. subject.
part. [Dan. under-given], subject, Fbr. 1, Mar., Stj. 23, 61.
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f. submissiveness.
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f. subjection, H. E. i. 388.
m. underminer.
m. an underminer (cp. Dan. underfundig), Stj. 160.
m. undermining.
m. undermining, Bs. i. 714.
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n. pl. an under-way, tunnel.
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f. a cushion under a saddle, Flóv. 25, Karl. 440.
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u, f. an under-cheek, double-chin.
m. pl. the nether world, lower regions.
m. pl. the nether world, the realm below, Fms. iii. 178, Fas. iii. 391.
2. in Icel. undirheimar is a name given to the lower beach between a reef of rocks and the sea; fara ofan í undirheima, hann er niðri í undirheimum.
m. the lowest part (of a ship).
m. the lower piece, lowest part, Fms, vi, 244, ix. 478, Grett. 36 new Ed.
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m. the under-hull of a ship.
n. the nether part of a house.
n. the nether part of a house, Stj. 383, 590, Róm. 208.
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u, f. (undir-hvesti, n., v. l.), the under flesh of a whale; undirhvestu ór hálfum hval, Vm. 79, qs. þvesti, q. v.(?)
f. craft, cunning, deceitfulness.
u, f. ‘under-thought,’ cunning, wiles, Fms. i. 74, Stj. 187, Háv. 57, Al. 71.
COMPDS: undirhyggjufullr, undirhyggjumaðr, undirhyggjusamr.
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a, m. an under-cell, Fms. ix. 425, D. N. vi. 84.
n. under-garment.
n. an under-garment, Stj.
m. tributary king.
m. an under-king, tributary king, Eg. 282.
m. under kirtle.
m. an under-kirtle, Karl. 174.
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n. ‘under-laying’ reservation; með þeim skilmála ok undirlagi. Dipl. v. 16.
n. province.
n. a subjected territory, province, Fms. iii. 174.
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adj. drooping the head, bashful.
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n. nether land, low, level land.
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u, f. the plate on which the spars rest.
m. subordinate, subject.
m. an ‘under-man,’ a subject, Fms. iv. 155, vii. 20.
m. pl. underhand dealings, secret stipulation.
n. pl. underhand dealings, a secret stipulation, Fms. xi. 24, Grág. i. 148; kaupmáli, ok eru eigi u. né lausa-kjör, 225, Nj. 12, Ld. 104, Ísl. ii. 207.
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m. the kidney fat (mod. garn-mör), Vm. 119, Dipl. iii. 4.
(að), v. to subject.
að, to ‘under-yoke,’ subject, Fms. ii. 122.
pp. subjected.
part. subjected, Stj.
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f. a subterfuge, Post. 551.
m. subordinate priest.
m. a subordinate priest, H. E. i. 478.
f. origin prime cause of a thing.
f. the ‘under-root,’ origin, prime cause of a thing, Grett. 124 A, Sturl. ii. 4, Ó. T. 1, Bs. i. 796, Pass. 16.
f. pressure, influence.
u, f. an ‘under-sitting,’ pressure, influence, Bs. i. 722.
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f. an ‘under-cup,’ saucer, Dan. under-kop, (mod.)
m. under-hall.
a. m. = undirklefi, a cellar, Fms. ii. 149.
f. under-room.
u, f. = undirskáli, Hkr. i. 17, Eg. 236, Stj. 383.
f.
1) stand, = stétt (kross með undirstóðum);
2) groundwork, base;
3) the true sense or meaning.
u, f. a stand, = stétt; kross með undirstöðum, Vm. 6, 41, 51; kirkja á tvær undirstöður, 36; skrín með undirstöðum, Pm. 10; páska blað með undirstöðu, 108.
2. a groundwork; þær bækr er undirstöður heilagra ritninga, Ver. 1; skilja grundvöll ok undirstöðu á sökunum, Sks. 581.
3. the true sense, true meaning, Skálda 205, Rb. 192; varðar mest til allra orða, at undirstaðan (the substance) sé réttlig fundin, Lil. 96; cp. the senses of the Gr. ὑπόστασις.
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adj. = Lat. substantivus, substantialis, Skálda.
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f. an understanding, making out, Rétt. 50.
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m. a sub-letter, Skálda 171, see Gramm. p. 1.
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m. an under-jacket, D. N. iv. 564.
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m. a stand, pedestal, Vm. 29.
v. to understand, perceive.
stóð, [a word borrowed from the Engl. or Low Germ.], to understand; undirstóð engi tungu þeirra, Ann. 1337; skilja eðr u. Látínu, Stj.: ek undirstend, sagði Jón (John the Fleming), Bs. i. 801, passim in mod. usage, Vídal.: to perceive, Bret. 4, Stj. 201, H. E. i. 422, Th. 76; en er þeir undirstóðu hans íhugan, Fb. ii. 667; en þó at hann undirstæði at hans ofsi væri lægðr, Edda (pref.)
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f. a stay, support, Symb. 4.
m. under-post in a building.
m. an under-post in a building, Hom. 94, Jón. 24.
m. pillar.
a, m. a pillar, Stj. 415.
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adj. substantive, Skálda.
f. answer (vitrligar ~ir konungs).
f. a responding to; vitrleg u., Fms. iv. 83.
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n. an under-hanging (under the refill, q. v.), B. K. 83, Boldt 166, D. N.
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f. subjection, Karl. 138.
m.
1) mid-forenoon, 9 a. m. (um morgininn at ~i);
2) midafternoon, 3 p. m..
m. (not n. as stated in Lex. Poët.), also spelt undurn and undarn, see the references below: [this word occurs in all ancient Teut. languages; Ulf. undaurni-mats or undurn-meat = ἄριστον, Luke xiv. 12; A. S. undern; Hel. undorn: O. H. G. untarn. Afterwards it was disused in writing, but in provincial dialects it still survives in all Teutonic countries, Scandinavia, Germany (Bavaria, the Rhine), England (Cumberland, Yorkshire), everywhere, except in Iceland, where, strange to say, it is unknown in speech as well as in writing; thus, Swed. undan, undarn, unden; in Norway undaaln; Bavaria untern (Schmeller); Fris. ounern; provinc. Engl. orndorns, ownder (Brocket); in all these dialects it means a middle-meal, a kind of lunch, taken either in the afternoon at three o’clock (this seems to be the prevailing sense, at least in Scandinavia), or in the forenoon at nine: even a verb has been formed, thus in Sweden sova und is to take a nap at lunch-time, at midday (Rietz); in the Rhine country ondern is said of cattle lying down at midday (Schmeller). …
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n.
1) wonder (brestr svá mikill, at öllum þótti ~ at);
2) with the notion of shame, scandal (þat var ~ mikit, at hann skyldi liggja fyrir fótum þeim); gøra sik (gørast, verða) at undri, to make a spectacle of oneself, be made a spectacle of.
n. [A. S. wundar; Engl. wonder; Germ. wunder; Dan. under]:—a wonder; undr þetta hélzk til dags, Nj. 272; skrípi ok undr, 20; ella mun yðr henda hver undr, Fms. iii. 28; þeir segja hverju undri þeir vóru orðnir, x. 304; Fróðár-undr, the spectres of Fróðá, Þorf. Karl., Eb. ch. 52–55; en er svá var komit undrum þeim, Eb. l. c.; heyr undr mikit, heyr örlygi, Gísl. 15 (a ditty); nú bregðr undrum við, ek em nú hér kominn, en litlu áðr var ek með fóstra mínum, Fms. i. 292; brestr svá mikill, at öllum þótti undr at, Ó. H. 135; undra ár, a wonder-year, Ann. 1118; undra-maðr, a portentous person; undr at afli, Fas. ii. 328: gen. plur. emphasizing, undra-digr, -hár, -brattr …, wondrous big, high, steep …
2. with the notion of shame, scandal; þat var undr mikil, at hann skyldi liggja fyrir fótum þeim, Eg. 758; göra sik at undri, Fær. 262, Fms. vi. 359; görask svá at undrum, 364; mannfóli mikill ok gört þik at undri, Boll. 350; ok verða at undrum í drykkju-stofunni, Eg. 553; aldri fyrr sá ek menn svá at undri verða sem hér, Fms. viii. 234; undrum verði sá er hann hirðir, Karl. 45.
(að), v.
1) to wonder at, with acc. (allir ~ þessa manns afl);
2) impers., mik ~r, it astonishes me;
3) refl., ~st e-t, to wonder at (fóru menn út ór hverri búð at ~st þá); ~st um e-t, to be astonished at.
að, to wonder at a person or thing, with acc.; þetta undra víkingar, Fas. ii. 530; allir undra þessa manns afl, Finnb. 274; undra allir geysi-mjök hans meðferði, Th. 77; þeir undra hví eigi var upp lokit, Stj. 383; undrandi er hann var þar kominn, 359; síðan undraði engi maðr, at …, Sks. 646 B; fólkit gékk allt út úr kirkjunni ok undraði, 116; vendu heim þaðan ok undruðu mjök, Hom. 120.
2. in mod. usage the active is mostly impers.; mig undrar, it astonishes me.
II. reflex. to wonder; undrask öglis landa eik hví vér sém bleikir, Ó. H. (in a verse); fóru menn út ór hverri borg at undrask þá, Nj. 48; hann undraðisk þat, at …, 185; hann undraðisk þat mjök, at …, Edda 1.
f. wonder, astonishment.
f. (undrun), wonder, admiration, amazement, Fms. x. 240, freq. in mod. usage.
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u, f. a wonder, laughing-stock. undrfurðu-legr, adj. shy, bashful.
a. given to wondering, eager for strange news.
adj. wondering, curious, eager for strange news; veit ek at Háleygir eru undrlátir, Fms. vii. 132; lið várt er undrlátt Háleygjanna, Mork. 178, l. c.
a. wonderful, strange.
adj. wonderful, strange, Th. 10.
a. wondrous.
adj. wondrous, Vsp. 60, Stj. 75.
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f. pl. a wonder to see, a spectacle, Skm. 28.
pp. of portentous or wonderful shape.
part. of wondrous, portentous shape, Fb. iii. 418.
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part. wound-printed, Nj. (in a verse), an epithet of wounds, as sword-prints.
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see unnvarp.
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að, to bring forth young, hatch an egg, with dat.; ungað egg, a hatched egg; unga út, to lead the young out of the egg.
m. the young of a bird.
a, m. the young of a bird (Lat. pullus), Grág. ii. 347, Fms. vi. 153; fleygir ungar, Hom. 89; álku-ungi, Fs. 180; hænu-ungi, álptar-ungi, hrafns-ungi: also barns-ungi, dimin. a little child, chicken.
(yngri, yngstr), a. young.
ung, ungt, adj., compar. yngri, superl. yngstr; for the form jungr see p. 327, col. 1: [Goth. juggs, compar. juhiza; A. S. geong; Engl. young; O. H. G. and Germ. jung; Dutch jong; but Dan.-Swed. ung; cp. Lat. juvenis.]
β. an older and obsolete compar. œri or œrri, early Dan. urœ; þótta’k hæfr þá er vórum œri, Korm. (in a verse); öngr mannr œri honum, Orkn. (in a verse); œri endr bar ek mærð ór hendi, Edda (in a verse); fylkir œri þér fórat heiman, Ó. H. (in a verse): in prose, hit ellra barn má œra (madden) it œrra (the younger), Skálda 162 (Thorodd); engi œri enn áttján vetra gamall, Fms. xi. 90; þú er miklu œri maðr at aldri, 93 (yngri, v. l. of the later vellums); eigi skyldi øri djáknar enn hálf-þrítugir, Greg. 60; tungl tveim nóttum œra, Rb. 1812. 52; skal þat eigi vesa œra an fimtán nátta (spelt eora), 20; ok skal þat vesa at eora (æra) tungl, 57; enum eorum tunglum, 55; gott æ ørum mönnum, Landn. (Hb.) 45; þá telja Paktar nótt œri (ærna Ed.), Rb. 32; þó at eigi sé þú œri at vetra-tali, Þiðr. 339: the superl. ærstr occurs but a single time, hann rauð œrstr (youngest, i. …
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n. infant.
n. a ‘young bairn,’ an infant, Bs. i. 122, Stj. 630.
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m. young people.
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n. youth; í u. mínu, in my youth.
n. young cattle, young stock.
n. young cattle, young stock, Grág. i. 414, Sturl. i. 84.
n. young colt.
n. a young colt, Landn. 194, Dipl. v. 18, Vm. 18.
n. young lamb.
n. a young lamb, Stj. 439.
a. youthful; ~ í ásjónu, boyish-looking.
ndj. youthful, Bárð. 165, Fas. ii. 357, Fms. viii. 15; u. í ásjónu, Mar.: boyish, Fms. ii. 46.
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m. a youth; mod. from Germ. jüngling.
n. young man, youth.
n. young people, youths, Fms. i. 78, 283, Bs. i. 417, Eg. 88, Karl. 332, Stj. 54; ef ungmennit skjalar, Fms. vi. 335.
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n. young cattle.
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a, m. young cattle, Gþl. 346.
n. young trees.
n. young trees, a young plantation, Stj. 74: also used metaph. of young stock collectively.
(ann, unna, unnat and unnt), v.
1) not to grudge; to grant, allow, bestow; ~ e-m e-s (Hreiðmarr unni þeim einskis pennings af gullinu); ~ e-m laga, to give one the benefit of the law, give one a fair trial; ek ann þér eigi faðmlagsins Helgu ennar fögru, I grudee thee the embrace of H. the Fair; with infinitive, hann unni øngum at njóta fjárins nema. sér, he could not bear that any one should enjoy the money but himself;
2) to love, with dat. (eigi leyna augu, ef ann kona manni); ~ e-m hugdstum, to love one dearly; þeim var ek verst, er ek unna mest, I was worst to him whom I loved the most;
3) recipr., unnast, to love one another (þau unnust mikit systkin).
see Gramm. p. xxiii; pres. with a pret. form ann, annt, ann, pl. unnum, unnut, unnu; pret. unni; subj. ynni; part. neut. unnt and unnat; unnt, Band. (Cod. Reg.) 20, Sturl. i. 207, Ld. 94, 194, Nj. 146: unnat (as kunnat from kunna), Fb. i. 36, Str. 32, (Nj. a vellum fragment, Lat. Ed. 315, foot-note y): a weak pret. unti (Dan. undte) occurs in later vellums, Fb. iii. 469 (l. 6 from the bottom), Gísl. 129 (paper transcript), and is used in mod. speech: even a weak pres. occurs in the burden to an Icel. lullaby, sofðú, eg unni þér, sleep thou, I love thee: [A. S. and Hel. unnan; Engl. own; in Early Engl. with a pres. pret. an (Morris, Spec. 36, l. 19); Germ. g-önnen, qs. ge-unnan.]
B. USAGE.—To grant, allow, bestow, with dat. of the person, gen. of the thing (unna e-m e-s); ann ek honum ísetu í dómi, Grág. i. 17, 78; bæta munda-baugi er jamnendr unnu, the sum which the umpires allowed, Hbl.; bið þú Ólaf, at hann unni þér grundar sinnar, Ó. H. (in a verse); unna e-m gamans, Skm. 39; Hreiðmarr unni þeim einskis pennings af gullinu, Edda 73, Þiðr. 308; hann unni honum öngra bóta fyrir, Fs. 125; þá penninga sem biskup vildi unna honum, Dipl. …
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(pl. -endr), m. lover.
part. used as subst. a lover; ek var þín unnandi, 625. 77; heims unnendr, Greg. 30; unnandi manna, Rb. 370.
f.
1) sweetheart;
2) mistress (ein af unnustum jarls).
or unnusta, u, f. a sweetheart, Kormak, MS. 655 xvii. 20, and passim in mod. usage.
2. a mistress, Fms. i. 209, Sæm. 171, Thom. 301, Greg. 47.
3. mod. a betrothed.
m. lover, = unnandi.
or unnusti, a, m. a lover, Fms. x. 255, Str. 9, 25.
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a, m. [from unna = to grant; early Swed. undinghja lagh, Schlyter]:—an ‘owner’s fee,’ a law term, of the fee granted to the finder of stolen or lost property; unningja lausn, an owner’s release, i. e. owner’s reward (due to the finder of a runaway slave), N. G. L. i. 227; it is wrongly spelt ‘undingja’ lausn, 35.
(gen. -ar, pl. -ir), f. wave.
old form also uðr, Lex. Poët. passim; [A. S. yð; Lat. unda]:—the waves, sea; svalar unnir, the cold waves, Vsp. 3, Gm. 7; hávar unnir, Skv. 2. 16; blár unnir, Sdm. 10; ormr knýr unnir, Vsp. 50; hregg-blásin, sviðköld uðr, Fms. i. 165, iii. 27 (in a verse), freq. in poets, also in mod. usage: poët., unn-blakkr, -dýr, -skíð, -vigg, = a ship; unn-röðull, -eldr, -fúrr, -glóð, -sól, = gold; unn-heimr, ‘wave-home,’ i. e. the sea, Lex. Poët.: in prose it is only used in unn-vörp, q. v.; unnar steinn, a sea-stone (a boulder on the beach by which the tides are noted?), Hkv. 2. 29 (an oath is sworn, at úrsvölum unnar steini); unnar hestr, a ‘wave-steed,’ i. e. a ship, Ísl. ii. (in a verse); unnar dagr, ‘wave-day,’ i. e. gold, Lex. Poët.
II. one of the Nereïds or Ránar-dætr, Edda 101.
2. the name of a woman, Unnr and Uðr, Landn., Ld.; and in compds, Stein-unn (Stein-uðr), Þór-unn, Ing-unn, Sæ-unn, Ljót-unn, (again, in the man’s name Auð-unn, the ‘unn’ is qs. ‘vini,’ A. S. wine): …
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n. a sea-swine, = marsvín, Hkr. i. (in a verse).
n. pl. dashing of waves; falla (fella) ~um, to fall (kill) in large numbers.
n. pl. a swoop or drift of waves; in the phrase, falla sem unnvörp, to fall (in battle) like wave-drifts, = Lat. catervatim, Hkr. iii. 34; þar lágu menn svá þykkt sem unnvörp væri, Fms. viii. 405, vi. 68 (also spelt undvörp): in mod. usage undvörpum, id., Fas. i. 451; sauðfénaðr staðarins datt niðr unnvörpum í megrð, Bs. i. 873.
(for ‘und es’), conj. till, until (glaðr skyli gumna hverr, ~ sinn bíðr bana); til þess unz, until.
or better unnz, adv. (also spelt unst, Fms. v. 158, Fas. i. 126, Gísl. 45; undz, MS. 623. 2, Grág. i. 259, ii. 202 A); [unz is a compd from und and the relat. particle es, qv.; Goth. und = ἔως; Hel. unti; A. S. ôð; Engl. until; O. H. G. unt]:—till that, till, until, with indic.; unz þrjár kvámu, Vsp. 8, 16; unnz sinn bíðr bana, Hm. 15; unz brunninn er, 57; unnz ór varð jötunn, Vþm. 31; unz rjúfask regin, Gm. 4 (Bugge); unz þeir fundu, Haustl.; unz himininn rifnar, Fms. vi. 196 (in a verse); unst kemr at Langa-föstu, v. 158; fór hann leið sína unz hann kom, Fb. ii. 697; unz þeir kómu til Svínafells, Nj. 208; unz konungr bannaði, Íb. 4; unz hón kom á jöfnu, Bs. i. 461; undz (hann) mon deyja, Niðrst. 2; undz öll eru brigð, Grág. ii. 202; unz leið Jól, Bs. i. 129; unst haustar, Gísl. 45; undz fimm vikur eru af sumri, Grág. i. 259; unz fé hyndisk, N. G. L. i. 23; unz sól kemr á Þingvöll, Grág. i. 17; unz reynt er eiginorð, ii. 274; unz hann fór til Danmerkr, Bs. i. 129; unst allir eru dauðir, Fas. i. 126.
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u, f. [for. word; Lat. uncia], an ounce, Rb. passim.
adv.
1) up;
~ ok niðr, ~ ok ofan, up and down;
íkorni renn ~ ok niðr eptir askinum, a squirrel springs up and down the tree;
grípa ~, to pick up;
~ með, up along;
líta ~, to look up;
búa (gera) ~ hvílu, to make up a bed;
drepa ~ eld, to strike fire;
2) with the notion of consuming;
drekka (eta) ~, to drink (eat) up;
ausa ~, to bale out;
skipta ~, to share it all out;
3) with the notion of discovery;
spyrja, frétta ~, to find out;
4) quite;
fullr ~ flærðar, brimful of falsehood;
5) of time;
~ frá því, ever since;
~ heðan, henceforth;
6) ~ á, upon, on;
~ á trú þina, upon thy faith;
~ á Ebresku, in Hebrew;
sjá, horfa ~ á, to look upon;
hugsa ~ á, to yearn for, to be bent on.
adv. [Ulf. iup = ἄνω; A. S. and Engl. up; Dan. op; Germ. auf; from the compounded particle upp á (= Engl. upon) comes the mod. Dan. paa, as also the provinc. Dan. ‘pi, ‘punder, qs. upp-á, upp-í, upp-undir]:—up; upp ok niðr, up and down, passim; þrifa upp, to catch up; gripa upp, to pick up, Fms. xi. 124; taka upp, Nj. 55; ganga upp, to go up, ascend, Eg. 717; upp á hauginn, Fms. ii. 60; upp þangat, i. 60; upp til Fljótshlíðar, Nj. 69; upp með, up along, 74; upp ok ofan með ánni, Fms. iii. 56: of direction, sjá upp, líta upp, to look up, iv. 153; næst tungli upp frá, upwards, Rb. 110; hanga upp yfir þeim, up over one’s head, Bárð. 170; skamt á land upp, Fms. i. 60; hann hefir upp líking manns, Best. 47; upp var fjöðrin breið, Eg. 285.
II. with verbs; setja upp. skip, to launch, Fms. i. 62, Eg. 592; setja upp gnegg, see setja A.I. 4; skipa upp, to unload cargo, see skipa; grafa upp, to dig up, Nj. 86, 99; binda upp, to bind up, Bs. i. 194; réttask upp, to stretch oneself, Fms. v. 29; rísa upp, to rise; reisa upp, to raise up, Fms. …
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m. beginning day, Rb. 80.
m. author, originator (~ at e-u, til e-s).
m. an author, Rb. 412, Stj. 149.
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m. the first month, Rb. 58.
m. initial letter.
m. an initial letter, Edda i. 598, Skálda 192.
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Hom. (St.)
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n. a witness as to the upphaf of a thing, D. N. i. 961.
n. a taper to be held up or carried in procession.
n. a taper to be held up or borne in processions, Vm. 23, 110, Pm. 26, B. K. 80, Fms. v. 339, v. l.
m. upholder, maintainer.
m. an upholder, maintainer, Fms. i. 275, N. G. L. i. 136, Anecd. 56.
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u, f. = upphaldskerti, H. E. ii. 360.
adv.
1) up;
sitja ~, to sit up;
hafa ~ øxina, to lift the axe;
standa ~, to be left standing (þeir, er þá stóðu ~);
to lie ashore, of a ship;
var ~ röst mikil á firðinum, the current rose high;
eiga vef ~, to have a loom up, to be at work weaving;
vera snemma ~, to be up early;
láta e-t ~, to come forth with;
2) vera ~, to live (í þeira manna minnum, er þá vóru ~);
to be at an end, gone (var ~ hverr peningr);
nú munu ~ sögur þínar, now you must be quite at the end of your stories.
adv. [Ulf. jupa; Dan. oppe], up, upon, above, cp. niðr and niðri, framm and frammi; sitja uppi, Nj. 220; jarl sat uppi, sate up, of a sick person. Fms. ix. 245; hafa uppi öxina. to lift, Nj. 19; hann grét uppi yfir honum, he wept, bent up over him. Fms. x. 174; þar stendr skip uppi, to lie ashore, Nj. 259; var uppi röst mikil á firðinum, the current rose high, Fms. xi. 145; seglit var u., the sail was up, Ld. 76; eiga vef uppi, to have a loom up, to be at work, weaving. Fms. xi. 49; borð eru uppi, x. 19, Hkr. ii. 192 (see borð); boginn má eigi einart uppi standa, cp. ‘neque semper arcum tendit Apollo,’ 623. 19; vera snemma uppi, to be up early, Fms. ix. 504; árla dags er uppi sá, Skíða R.: often with other prepositions, á uppi or uppi á, upon; á hjálminn uppi, Fms. xi. 133; þar u. á hellunni, Nj. 14; standa þar á uppi, 155; á heiðum uppi, Grág. ii. 352; uppi í; uppi í músina, Fms. i. 45; uppi í Meðaldal, 57; uppi með ánni, Nj. 154.
II. metaph., láta e-t uppi, to come forthwith, Grág.; heiman-fylgja skal uppi vera við erfingja, is to be discharged, N. G. L. i. 49; hafa e-t uppi, to take forth, Nj. …
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n. [Germ. aufhalt], delay, (mod.)
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adj. empty-handed, having nothing left.
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u, f. the weft, Lat. stamen.
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[vaða uppi], in uppivöðslu-maðr, m. a turbulent, noisy man, Eg. 596, 710. uppivöðslu-mikill, adj. quarrelsome, troublesome. Band. 6 new Ed., Fas. ii. 325, Fms. v. 171.
f. a poem on the creation.
u, f. a poem on the creation; skaltú bæta við Guð er þú hefir svá mjök gengit af trú þinni, vil ek nú at þu yrkir uppreistar drápu, ok bætir svá sál þína, Fms. ii.
f. the story of creation, the book of Genesis.
u, f. the story of Creation, Genesis, Fms. v. 65, Vm. 6; svá sem segir í uppreistar sögu at Guð górði alla hluti í senn, Bs. i. 575, Hom. (St.)
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m. a well, spring, Stj. 29.
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u. spring-water,
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f. a spring-vein, Stj. 89.
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part. brought up, reared, upp-alningr, m. a fosterling.
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m. an upheaval, elevation, Hom. (St.)
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m. a scooping; uppaustrar-maðr, a babbler, Þorst. St. 48.
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prep. upon; see upp IV.
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adv. up-hill; opp. to ofan-í-móti.
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n. an auction, sale, (mod.)
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m. a bringing up; uppburð ok útburð, Jb. 405: metaph. a request, Hom. 129. uppburðar-lítill, adj. shy, timid, Finnb. 300.
m. up-dale, inland valley.
m. an up-dale, inland valley, Fms. x. 185, Ó. H. 46; a local name in Fas. ii. 125.
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að, to dish up, Thom. 417.
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m. a pulling up; the phrase, eiga örðugt uppdráttar, to be in straits, hard pressed.
2. medic. a wasting sickness.
3. a sketch, map, (mod.)
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part. in high relief, of sculpture, Ann. 1329.
n. = ofdyri.
n. = ofdyri, N. G. L. i. 38, Grett. 84 new Ed.
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n. [ala upp], a breeding, education; gott, íllt u.
(-sta, -str), v. to suspend.
t, to suspend, Fms. vi. 273, N. G. L. i. 140.
f. suspension.
f. suspension, Fms. v. 318, Stj.
n. rearing, fostering.
n. a rearing, fostering, Fms. iii. 318.
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(upp-fræðsla), f. instruction, Sks. 283.
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f. fulfilment, (mod.)
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part. fed up, brought up, reared, Band. 1 (MS.)
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n. = uppfæðsla, Fagrsk. 55, Sks. 547, Stj. 235, Fas. ii. 359.
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spelt upp-fœzla, u, f. a breeding, fostering, Eg. 34, Fms. vi. 4, vii. 119, 186, Lv. 72.
f.
1) going up, ascent (~ í borgina);
~ sólar, sunrise;
2) going up on land, going ashore (hann eggjar menn sína til uppgöngu);
3) boarding a ship (fengu þeir uppgöngu; á skipit);
4) landing-place, pass.
u, f. a going up, ascending, ascent, Sks. 2; u. í borgina, Fms. x. 238; u. sólar, sunrise, Rb. 472: a going up to land, a going ashore, Eg. 229, 242; veita uppgöngu, Fms. vi. 89; bjóða uppgöngu (in a verse): a boarding a ship, Fms. vii. 235.
2. a landing-place, a pass, Fær. 162, Grett. 154 B (cp. Dan. opgang).
m.
1) = uppganga 4;
2) good luck, success, fame (var þá ~ hans sem mestr).
m. = uppganga, a pass or stile, Grett. 184 new Ed.: the opening of a bath, Fb. 136.
2. metaph. good luck, success, fame; var þá u. hans sem mestr, Finnb. 290, Háv. 45; u. þeirra görðisk brátt mikill, Fbr. 7; u. ok ofrkapp, Fms. vii. 22, Stj. 451, Fb. i. 400.
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part. exhausted.
f. remission (uppgjöf um sakir).
f. = uppgjöf, Stj. 110: remission, H. E. i. 410.
f. remission (uppgjöf um sakir).
f. a giving up. El. 2: remission, u. um sakir, Ld. 44; til merkis þessar uppgjafur, H.E, i. 405: uppgjafa- in compds, = Lat. emeritus, e. g. uppgjafa-prestr.
f. payment, discharge.
(i. e. -greiðsla), u, f. a payment, discharge, B. K. 95.
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n. abundance; það eru u. af heyjum.
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m. a digging up, Krók.
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f. a restoration, Vm. 7, Stj. 67: dissimulation.
n.
1) beginning (þat er ~ á. sögu þessi); frá ~i, from the beginning;
2) advancement, honour (þótti þeim mikit ~ í, ef þau væri lík guði).
n. a beginning; upphaf sögu, Fms. viii. 3; u. síns máls, i. 20; u. at kvæði, Eg. 647; kvæði … ok er þetta u., Hkr. i. 161; þat er u. á sögu þessi, Gísl. 77; í upphafi skapaði Guð himin ok jörð, Gen. i. 1; upphaf ok endir, Rev.
2. an origin, cause, beginning; þá fellr þat mál ok heitir hans u., N. G. L. i. 352; upphaf alls ófriðar, Fms. viii. 345, v. l.; the saying, sá veldr mestu er upphafinu veldr.
3. advancement, honour; fá u. af konungi, Sks. 450, 468.
4. remission, Stj. 110 (Dan. ophæve).
COMPDS: upphafsdagr, upphafsmaðr, upphafsmánuðr, upphafsstafr, upphafssynd, upphafsvitni.
m. founder.
a, m. a founder. Mar.
a. original.
adj. original, Sks. 5, Fms. xi. 109, Hom. 27.
f. elevation, pride.
f. elevation, Greg. 17.
n.
1) holding up, lifting;
2) keeping up, preservation (veita ~ musterinu).
n. a holding up, lifting. Fas. ii. 268, Stj.: of the host in the mass, Stat. 299, Pm. 101: a keeping up, preservation, veita upphald musterinu, Fms. viii. 279; um húsa u., N. G. L. i. 37, Anecd. 56; u. heilagrar trú, Stj.: maintenance. MS. 302. 170, Sks. 312 B.
COMPDS: upphaldskerti, upphaldsmaðr, upphaldsstika.
a. coming high upon the leg (~ skór).
adj. high, of shoes, Háv. 24 new Ed., Nj. 184, Fms. iv. 76, vi. 440, vii. 321; stafir upphávir, v. 338.
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f. elevation, honour.
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m. [Germ. hebel], an upheaver, lever; orða u., Gsp.
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a, m. an upholder, lifter, Mar.
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m. pl. the upper home, the heavens, Alm.
n. upholding, maintenance.
n. maintenance, K. Á. 102, Vm. 50, Fms. ix. 236.
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f. pl.; see hillingar, q. v.
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m.; [O. H. G. uf-himil], the ‘up-heavens,’ ether, Vsp.
n. riot, tumult.
n. [Dan. oplöb], a riot, Fms. iii. 177, Vígl. 19. upphlaups-maðr, m. a rioter, Grett. 97.
m. the upper part of a kirtle.
m. the upper part of a kirtle, Fms. vii. 321; cp. upplítinn qs. upphlutinn, Eg. 602.
2. in mod. usage a waistcoat, of ladies; cp. vefjar-u., Ld. 244.
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f. an exhortation.
f. elevation.
f. an elevation, Dropl. 23, Al. 51.
2. an amount, sum, of money.
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n. a felling, Greg. 48.
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adv. turning the face upwards, (mod.); opp. to á grúfu.
n. stretching, drawing.
n. a sketching, drawing; þrjú blöð með u., Vm. 23, Pm. 5, 108, 137; gullsmíð, gröpt ok u., Bs. i. 843.
f. coming-up, outbreak (uppkoma elds).
u, f. a coming up, emerging, Fms. vi. 149.
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f. a kindling, Mar.
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f. a calling up, summons. Orkn. 242.
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n. an allowance; með yðru lofi ok upplagi, H. E. i. 561; með upplagi ok samþykt húsfrú hans, Dipl. iv. 1.
2. = Germ. auflage, an edition, of books, (mod.)
n. ceasing, of rain.
n. a holding up, ceasing, of rain, Bs. i. 334.
f. looking up, contemplation.
f. a looking up, Greg. 60, 61, Mar.
a. small at the upper end, tapering.
adj. small at the upper end, taper-formed. Eg.; see upp-hlutr.
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m. = upplost.
n. unlocking opening.
n. an unlocking, opening, Hm.
f.
1) = upplok;
2) delivery.
f. an opening, delivery (lúka upp), Sks. 645, Stj. 170.
n. false rumour.
n. (ljósta upp), a false rumour, Fms. vi. 240, vii. 310, viii. 293, K. Á. 116.
f. false rumour.
f. = upplost, Þorst. Siðu II. 176.
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f. a discharge, payment, B. K. 125; u. fjár. Gþl. 154.
a. elevated, lying high.
adj. elevated, Stj. 373, 380.
n. pl. the Uplands, inland counties, in the east of Norway.
n. pl. Uplands, inland counties: a local name of the eastern inland counties of Norway (Oplandene), Ó. H., Fms. passim: Upplendingar, m. pl. the men from the Uplands: Upplenzkr, adj., passim.
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adj. slim, taper-formed.
n., tefla í ~, to expose a piece so that it can be taken.
n. = Dan. oppe-börsel, a receipt of a fee or the like; vera í uppnámi, to be in receipt of a thing, N. G. L. i. 76, 77; uppnáma-maðr, a receiver of a fee, id.
2. a chess term; tefla í uppnám, to expose a piece so that it can be taken, Sturl. iii. 123; hence the phrase, vera í uppnámi, to be in imminent danger.
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part. taken up into heaven, Mark xvi. 19, passim.
f. being taken up into heaven, assumption.
f. [nema], eccl. a being taken up into heaven, assumption, Stj. 241 (of Enoch); u. sællar Máriæ, Mar., Greg. 13; uppnumningar dagr, the Assumption-day, Fms. vi. 353, Mar.
2. gramm. anticipation, Skálda.
a.
1) confiscable, forfeitable (fé uppnæmt konungi);
2) vera ~ fyrir e-m, to be helpless, at one’s mercy.
adj.; as a law term, seizable, forfeitable, u. konungi, Gþl. 104, 537; fé uppnæmt konungi, K. Á. 94; þá er bú hans uppnæmt, N. G. L. i. 72; in the phrase, vera u. fyrir e-m, to be helpless, at one’s mercy, Fs. 46, Eg. 578, Fms. ii. 151, Orkn. 104.
pp. = uppnæmr 2.
part. = uppnæmr, Fas. iii. 226.
f.
1) rise; ~ elds, eruption; sólar ~, sunrise;
2) raid, descent, from ships (veita, gera ~);
3) origin (~ ok æfi þeira merkismanna);
4) cause (~ alls úfriðar).
f. a rising up; u. elds, an eruption, Bs. i; sólar u., sunrise, Fms. viii. 346, Stj. 68; u. dags, Mar.
2. a raid, descent (from ships), Korm. 166, Fas. ii. 196, Fms. i. 100, 166, viii. 380.
3. origin; upprás ok æfi þeirra merkismanna, Bs. i. 59, Stj. 44, Skálda 209; brunnr ok u. (source) hita, sólin, MSS. 415. 9; u. alls úfriðar, Fms. viii. 345.
n. pl. the high gods.
n. pl. the upper-gods, Alm.; see regin.
f. a raising up, reparation.
f. (upp-reisning, Barl. 145), a raising up, reparation, Stj. 632.
f.
1) uprising, rebellion (gera ~ í móti konungi);
2) raising up, reparation (hljóta skaða, en enga ~); fá ~, to rise again.
f. (upp-reisn, less right, N. G. L. i. 311, and in mod. usage), an uprising, in arms, Orkn. 98, Fms. v. 69, xi. 261; göra u. í móti konungi, Eg. 538, Fms. x. 410; veita u., 399; allir er honum var grunr á at uppreistar var af ván, Eg. 73; með sviklegri u., Sks. 525: mod. rebellion.
2. a rising; fá u., to rise again, Fms. vii. 237, 196; hversu mikla u. staðrinn þyrfti at hafa, ef …, 299; eiga u. síns máls, Gþl. 15; hljóta skaða en enga u., Eg. 115.
3. the genesis, creation, in the following old COMPDS: uppreistardrápa, uppreistarsaga.
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part. upraised, Pass. 37. 1.
pr. p. rising (at ~ sólu).
part. uprising, of the sun, Hbl.
a. upright, erect (sitja ~).
adj. upright, in bodily sense; með uppréttum líkam, Sks. 529; sitja u., Eg. 304, 457; standa u., to stand upright.
f. resurrection (eptir upprisu Jesu).
u, f. a rising up, resurrection, Sks. 579, Fms. viii. 444; líkams u., Greg. 57; andar u., id.; upprisu-dagr, the day of resurrection, Rb. 80, 392, Hom. 52; upprisu tíð, tími, 52, Sks. 43: esp. the Resurrection, passim in mod. eccl. usage, N. T., Pass., Vídal.; upprisu-sálmar, hymns on the Resurrection.
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part. risen, of Christ.
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f. = upprisa, Hom. 154.
m.
1) rise (~ sólar);
2) growth;
3) origin;
4) the growing age, youth.
a, m. [renna], an ‘up-running,’ growth, origin, Barl. 133, Sks. 136 new Ed., passim in mod. usage.
2. the growing age, youth, Glúm. 335, Fms. xi. 8, 90, Hkr. iii. 175, Þiðr. 127, Trist. 1. uppruna-ligr (uppruna-liga, adv.), adj. original.
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t, to uproot, Stj. 650.
f. pronouncing (~ dóms).
u, f. a ‘saying forth,’ pronouncing; u. dóma, Sks. 646 B; uppsögu-váttr, Grág. i. 124: esp. a law term, the public recital (segja upplög) of law by the Speaker, in the Icel. alþing, which was to take place partly every year, partly every third year, Grág. i. 11; sem at kveðr í uppsögu, as is said in the Speaker’s recital, ii. 37; var þat uppsaga Þorgeirs, at allir menn skyldi vera skírðir á Íslandi, it was Thorgeir’s ‘saw’ (i. e. judgment, sentence) that all men should be Christians, Bs. i. 25.
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u, f. a bringing up, vomiting (selja upp).
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m. pl. Upsala, a famous town in Sweden, the residence of the king, and the central seat of the cultus of Odin, see Yngl. S. ch. 5 sqq., Ó. H. ch. 60; Uppsala-auðr, the treasure of U., the public exchequer of the kings of Sweden, Yngl. S. ch. 12, Ó. H. ch. 60; Uppsala-þing, 63, 64; Uppsala-lög, 60.
f. and n. a place where ships are drawn ashore.
f. a place where ships are launched, dockyard, Gþl. 116, Fms. ix. 368, Jb. 412, Eg. 185.
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n. = uppsát, Gþl. 116; uppsáts-eyrir, Grág. ii. 402.
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f. = uppsát, Jb. 151.
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f. a nickname, Fas. ii. 325.
(-ská, -skátt), a. communicative (gerast ~ um e-t).
-ská, -skátt, adj. communicative; görask u. um e-t, Sks. 362; göra e-t uppskátt, to make known, of a secret.
pp. mounted (uppskellt skaptit með silfri).
part.(?), mounted; uppskellt skaptið með silfri, Eg. 180.
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u, f. the ‘up-shearing,’ harvest, N. T.
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a, m. a shearer, reaper (?), a nickname, Fas. i. 381.
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f., Dan. ‘skibe op,’ the unloading a ship, Jb. 398.
n. delay.
n. a delay, Róm. 279.
f. = upplost, false rumour.
u, f. = upplost, Fms. ix. 285.
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(upp-smíði, n., Magn. 450, Bs. i. 830, Fms. xi. 438), f. a building, raising a house, Ám. n.
f.
1) spring fountain-head (~ árinnar);
2) source (~ úfriðar í landinu).
u, f. an ‘up-spirt,’ spring, fountain-head, Stj. 30, 75, 612; u. árinnar, Fms. iii. 183, Edda 3; út í Laxárós frá uppsprettum, Vm. 5; rennandi vötn fljóta af ymissum uppsprettum, Fms. ii. 89; u. allrar líknar, u. úfriðar, rót ok u., Al. 11, 124.
COMPDS: uppsprettubrunnr, uppsprettuvatn, uppsprettuæðr.
f.
1) a standing upright;
2) a standing up, rising.
u, f. a standing upright, Str. 36, Greg. 48: a standing up, rising, Bs. i. 825, Sturl. iii. 12; uppstöðu-tré, a post, Ld. 316.
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a, m. an upright post, of a bed or the like.
a. strutting; ganga uppsterti, to walk haughtily.
adj. [cp. Engl. upstart], see stertr, Hrafn. 18.
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u, f. [A. S. upstig; Germ. aufsteigen], an ascent, Sks. 56; Uppstigu-dagr, Ascension-day, N. G. L. i. 422, Hom. (St.)
f.
1) rising, ascent, advance;
2) the Ascension.
f. a rising, of the moon, Sks. 54, 55.
2. esp. in an eccl. sense, the Ascension, Greg. 16, 17, Rb. 392, N. T., Pass., Vídal., passim. uppstigningar-dagr, m. Ascension-day, K. Þ. K., Ó. H. 73, Fms. vii. 187, Vm. 76, Icel. Almanack.
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a, m. an ascender, Stj. 348.
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adj. bounding, excitable.
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m. pl. the ‘Up-Swedes,’ the North Swedes, Hkr. ii. 137, Fms. xii.
n. income, resource.
n. an income, resource, Barl. 71; hann hafði búskylft ok lítið upptak, Sturl. iii. 258.
2. plur. upptök, beginnings; hann hafði upptökin, he began the game.
f.
1) taking up;
2) seizure, confiscation (~ búanna);
3) the translation of a saint.
u, f. a taking up, Stj. 414: a seizure, confiscation, u. búanna, Fms. xi. 87.
2. a source = uppspretta; í keldu-sogit er gengr sunnan í lónit, fyrir sunnan upptöku, Dipl. v. 19.
3. eccl. the translation of a saint, Bs. i. 305, 829.
f.
1) a taking to a thing;
2) beginnixg;
3) reception (cf. taka e-t vel, illa upp).
u, f. a taking to a thing; þessa upptekju, Sturl. i. 224: reception (taka e-t vel, ílla upp), Róm. 298, Bs. i. 735.
f. the translation of a saint.
f. the translation of a saint, Bs. i. 186, 187, Magn. 512; undertaking, 623. 32.
f.
1) seizure (fjár ~);
2) income, revenue;
3) beginning of a discourse (hann hafði þá ~, at).
f. = upptekja, Sturl. i. 224 C: income, revenue, Barl. 71, v. l.: a law term, a seizure, confiscation, Fms. v. 46; um upptektir, N. G. L. i. 73: a beginning, hann hafði þá u. at …, Sturl. iii. 103.
f. kindling.
f. a lighting, kindling, Mar.
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adj. fit for resorting to, Fms. viii. 348, v. l.
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adj. confiscable, forfeitable; dæma sekt fé hans ok upptækt, Grág. i. 463, Jb. 188; uppnæmr, Fms. ii. 166.
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f. an exhortation, awakening.
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m. a raised spirit, Maurer’s Volksagen.
n.
1) throwing up (of a volcano);
2) source, cause (~ alls úfriðar).
n. a throwing up, Ann. 1341 (of a volcano).
2. a source, cause, Fms. viii. 345, v. l.; u. allrar villu, Post. (Unger) 214.
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part. growing up.
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a, m. an awakener, Mar.
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part.; at u. sólu, when the sun is up, N. G. L. i. 4, Hbl. 56 (where uppverandi).
a. found out, known (varð aldri uppvíst, hverr þetta víg hafði vegit); láta e-t uppvíst, to make known.
adj. coming up to light, found out, of a crime; varð aldri uppvíst, hverr þetta víg hafði vegit, Nj. 248; láta e-t uppvíst, Fms. i. 80; þá er mál uppvíst er aðili hefir spurt, Grág.; þessi skömm varð uppvis, Mar.
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adj. (qs. upp-ægr?), furious, wrathful.
m.
1) growth; seinligr í uppvexti, slow in growing up;
2) stature, height (lítill var ~ hans).
m. [Dan. opvæxt], the up-growth, the youth; efniligr í uppvexti, Eg. 147; lítill var u. hans, Fms. vii. 239; seinligr í uppvexti, iv. 89.
2. growth, tallness; mikill u. risa þeirra, Al. 68. uppvaxtar-maðr, m. a grown-up man, Grett. 92.
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m. = uppivaðsla, Eg., Valla L. 201. uppvözlu-mikill, adj. = uppivöðslumikill, Grett. 163 new Ed.
a. thin upwards.
adj. thin upwards, thin-edged, Ísl. ii. 445.
f. eaves (Egill skaut endanum, er logaði, upp undir upsina).
f., spelt ux, N. G. L. i. 368, cp. Lat. ixi for ipsi, Sueton. Octav. ch. 88; [Ulf. ubizwa = στοά; A. S. efese; Engl. eaves; O. H. G. opusa; provinc. Germ. obsen (Schmeller); Swed. ufs; kindred is A. S. efesian; Icel. efsa]:—the eaves, D. N. vi. 84; upsar-dropi, a dropping from the eaves (Lat. stillicidium), N. G. L. i. 345, 368; logaði upp undir upsina, Eg. 238, D. N. vi. 84; freq. in mod. usage: metaph. of a mountain, norðan meðr berginu vestan fyrir ok svá upp í upsina, D. N. i. 616, v. 957.
m. coal-fish, a nickname.
a, m. a fish, gadus virens; upsa gall, Lækn.; a nickname, Bs. i.
(pl. -ir), f. heap of stones fallen from a hill (grjót ok urðir).
f. [the origin of this word is uncertain; the ð is radical, for were it inflexive, an ‘umlaut’ would have taken place in the vowel (it would then be yrð, not urð), see Gramm. xxxii, col. 2, l. 10 sqq.]:—a heap of stones, on the sea-beach, or from an earth-slip; sævar-urð, piles of broken stones on the sea-shore, Orkn. 114; at veiða otr er lá í urðinni undir höfðanum … þeir segja at hann væri þar á urðinni, 276; grjót ok urðir, Edda 5; urð sú lá í dalnum er Sefsurð heitir, ok er þar hvárki fært mönnum né hrossum … urðar-brot, breaking through an urð, Ó. H. 186; fætr Loka taka niðr grjótið, urðir ok viðu, Edda 45; látum liggja Ljotúlf goða, í urð ok í urð, Sd. (in a verse); draga urð at e-m, to pile stones on, Fms. vii. (in a verse).
COMPDS: urðarköttr, urðarmaðr, urðarsteinn, urðhæingr.
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m. the Weird’s spring, the holy well where the Norns reside, Vsp., Edda; there is a curious passage in an Icel. Christian poem written shortly after the introduction of the new Faith, where Christ is represented as sitting at the well of Urðr in the south, id. (in a verse).
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n. perdition, ill fate, Sturl. ii. (in a verse).
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m. a wild cat = hreysi-köttr, a nickname, Finnb.
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f. pl. (also varðlokur or varðlokkur), ‘weird-spells,’ charms, Gg. 7.
m. outlaw (gera e-n at urðarmanni); cf. skógarmaðr.
m. a man of the urð, an outlaw; göra e-n at urðar-manni, Eg. 728.
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n. Fate’s power, Gkv. 2. 21.
m. a ‘weird moon’, boding evil.
a, m. a ‘weird moon,’ warlock moon, a moon-shaped appearance boding evil, Eb. 270.
n. decree of fate.
n. weird’s word, i. e. Fate, Fsm. 47.
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m. a nickname, Sturl. i. 144.
I)
(gen. -ar), f. weird, fate.
II)
m. bane, curse (~ öðlinga).
f., qs. vurðr; gen. urðar; acc. dat. would be urði, but does not occur unless it be Vsp. 20, where urð must stand either for urði, dropping the vowel, for the next word begins with h; or it is nom. = urðr, according to the A. S. and general rule (cp. Rm. 36), that verbs signifying to call, name, are followed by a nom.: plur. urðir: [A. S. wyrd; Engl. weird; Hel. wurth]:—a weird, fate; the word is obsolete in prose; en sjá urðr sjallgætust (-gætastr, Cod. wrongly) með Svíum þótti, that weird, extraordinary accident, viz. that he slew himself, Ýt.; gengu þess á milli grimmar urðir, ‘grim weirds.’ a cruel fate prevented it, Skv. 3. 5; urðr öðlinga þú hefir æ verit, the evil Norn, evil angel of kings, Gkv. 1. 23.
II. esp. as the name of one of the three Norns, Vsp. 19.
COMPDS: Urðarbrunnr, urðarfár, urðarlokur, urðarmagn, urðarmáni, urðarorð.
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urð-þvengr, m. the fish, the thong of the urð, i. e. a snake, Lex. Poët.
I)
(að), v. to gnash (~ tönnum).
II)
f. strap, rofie’s end (rare).
1. u, f. [provinc. Norse urve], a strap, rope’s end; ef urgur eru í fjósum, Jb. 320; þegar drengrinn vildi festa á sig mannbroddana, sagði hann, ‘nú er týnd urgan mín,’ … eg spurði hann hvort þessar ólar bæði útan og innan fótar héti urgur, hann kvað já við því, Pál Vidalín in Skýr. 591.
2. að, to gnash; urga tönnum, to gnash with the teeth, Fas. i. 425; urga saman kömbum (of carding combs).
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f, pl. [urigr = peevish], peevishness, ill temper; það eru urgur í honum, to be in bad mood.
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part. [is a mod. participle (16th century, see urningr below) formed from yrja, urði, urinn, = erja, arði, arinn, cp. erja β; it can therefore have no bearing on the false reading, Gsp., Fas. i. 475]:—rubbed, scratched; jörðin er öll upp urin, the crop bitten close off, as if shaven.
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u, f. a nickname, Fms. x. 120.
n. a kind of hood (for. word).
n. [Ital. orlo; Fr. ourlet; mod. Lat. orlum], a kind of hat or hood, Ó. H. 30, a απ. λεγ.
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see örmöl.
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m. [yrja = erja], a rubbing; af ari eðr urningi, Skýr. 590 (Björn á Skarðsá).
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að, to snarl, of a dog.
(pl. -ir), herb, = jurt.
f. a herb; see jurt.
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u, f. a female seal with litter, Skáld H. 6. 5, and in mod. usage.
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m. a kind of whale, whence Urthvala-fjörðr, a local name, Eb. 8 new Ed.
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f. = yrþjóð = verþjóð, Ad.
I)
m. burning embers, fire (eldr OK usli); devastation by fire.
II)
m. damage, = auvisli.
a, m. [A. S. ysla or ysela = fire, embers; a compd form is auvisli (q. v.) qs. af-usli (?); cp. Lat. urere]:—a conflagration, esp. in the allit. eldr ok usli, Fms. i. 201, viii. 341: a field of burning embers, xi. 35: the sense damages (see auvisli) is prob. secondary. usla-gjald or usla-bót, n. compensation for u., N. G. L. i. 246, Gþl. 387; see auvisli.
(pl. uxar, older forms yxn, eyxn, øxn), m. ox; yxninir, the oxen; eyxn margir, many oxen; n. pl., þrjú yxn, three oxen.
a, m., older form oxi; in plur. yxn, öxn (cp. the A. S. oxa, pl. oxan; Engl. ox, oxen); also spelt eyxn, exn, eoxn; the masc. forms ‘yxn’ and ‘yxninir’ being formed like menn, menninir from mann-r; uxar is rare and later; thus fjórir öxn, Edda i. 30, v. l. 7; öxnernir, id., v. l. 12, Cod. U; fjóra öxn, id.; but öxninn (for oxninnir), Cod. Reg. l. c.; tvá gamla arðr-yxn, Stj. 446; vexnum, Fms. x. 404; tveir yxn, Bret. 22; feita eyxn, Sks. 697 B; tvá yxn, þrjá yxn, Eg. 181, 733; marga yxn, 181; korn ok yxn, N. G. L. i. 75; yxninir, Fms. vi. 69; yxnennir, xi. 7; yxnina, Bret. 26; eyxn þrír hvítir, Fms. xi. 6; eyxn marga. Eg. 733; öxn mínir, Greg. 44; eoxkn (sic) fyrir arðri, MS. 1812. 65; öxnunum, Bret. 26; yxn þeir er Þórólfr var ekinn á … tvá sterka yxn, … vóru þá þrotnir yxninir ok teknir aðrir …, þá ærðusk yxninir ok urðu þegar lausir, Eb. 6l, 62 new Ed.
β. it became neuter; eyna ok yxnin með (yxnina?), Ld. 122, Fas. ii. 232; yxinin (sic), Stj. 446 (but v. l. yxnina and yxnin); yxna-flokkr and öxna-flokkr, a herd or drove of oxen, Edda i. 168. 208; yxna-kaup, Rd. 256; öxna-ok, Greg. 28; yxna réttr, an ox-stall, Sturl. …
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